Clinical Trials

Multiple clinical trials across Phase I, Phase III, and Phase IV evaluate ferric maltol formulations for iron-deficiency anemia in pediatric and adult populations, post-operative anemia following colorectal cancer surgery, and iron deficiency in patients with left-sided heart failure. Led by sponsors ranging from pharmaceutical companies like Shield Therapeutics to healthcare institutions such as The Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust and Hannover Medical School, these studies feature recruitment statuses spanning actively recruiting, completed, terminated, and unknown.

NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05177484 Recruiting
Cancer Colon
The Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust|Norgine
2022-05-30 Phase 3
NCT05126901 Recruiting
Anemia|Iron-deficiency
Shield Therapeutics
2021-10-04 Phase 3
NCT04626414 Unknown status
Anemia Iron Deficiency
Shield Therapeutics
2020-09-28 Phase 1
NCT03774615 Terminated
Heart Failure Left Sided|Anemia Iron Deficiency
Hannover Medical School|Shields Shields and Associates
2019-03-18 Phase 4
NCT03181451 Completed
Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Children|Iron-Deficiency
Shield Therapeutics|Medpace Inc.
2017-03-14 Phase 1

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)

Check the Maltol product page for in-depth specifications, including solubility, stock solutions, MOA, and working concentrations.

Compliance for Clinical Use

Mechanism and Biochemical Profile

Maltol functions as a high-affinity iron-chelating ligand that forms a stable, lipophilic ferric maltol complex, facilitating mucosal brush-border membrane penetration and efficient iron absorption into enterocytes. By delivering bioavailable iron directly to systemic circulation without inducing localized mucosal inflammation, this pathway promotes hemoglobin synthesis and restores iron homeostasis in clinical conditions such as iron-deficiency anemia, post-surgical recovery, and heart failure.

Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards

Quality Dimension RUO (Research Use Only) cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice)
Clinical Applicability Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies.
Regulatory Status Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA).
Facility Environment Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring.
Quality Control Basic purity and activity testing. Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma).
Process Validation Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records.
Quality Assurance Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits.
Regulatory Impact High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF).

Footnotes

Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).

Note: Technical data last updated: Sep 1, 2026.