Multiple clinical trials evaluate L-citrulline across various conditions, including gastrointestinal dysfunction, bronchopulmonary dysplasia with pulmonary hypertension, type 2 diabetes, postmenopausal hypertension, and chemotherapy-induced toxicities in colorectal cancer. Ranging from Early Phase 1 to unassigned or not applicable phases, these interventional and nutritional studies are sponsored by academic and clinical institutions such as Texas Tech University, Tanta University, and The Hospital for Sick Children. Recruitment statuses across these trials currently span from not yet recruiting to actively recruiting and enrolling by invitation.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06207461 | Not yet recruiting | Traditional Chinese Acupoint Message|Intestinal Barrier|Gastrointestinal Dysfunction |
Wuhan Union Hospital China |
2024-02-15 | -- |
| NCT05636397 | Recruiting | BPD - Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia|Pulmonary Hypertension|NEC |
The Hospital for Sick Children |
2023-11-01 | Not Applicable |
| NCT06092476 | Not yet recruiting | Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 |
Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA)|Fractyl Health Inc. |
2023-11-01 | Not Applicable |
| NCT06025383 | Recruiting | Menopause|Hypertension |
Texas Tech University |
2023-07-20 | Not Applicable |
| NCT05590117 | Enrolling by invitation | Colo-rectal Cancer|Neuropathy;Peripheral|Mucositis |
Tanta University |
2022-10-11 | Early Phase 1 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).