Clinical Trials

Several clinical trials spanning Phases I through IV evaluate silymarin flavanolignans, including isosilybin, across diverse therapeutic applications. Supported by academic, government, and pharmaceutical entities—such as Assiut University, Horus University, and the National Institutes of Health—these studies target dermatological and hepatic disorders, including melasma, fatty liver disease, liver failure, chronic hepatitis C, and oxidative stress, alongside cardioprotection during breast cancer chemotherapy. Trial statuses range from completed pharmacokinetic and liver evaluations to studies of unknown status investigating topical regimens.

NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05099601 Unknown status
Melasma
Assiut University
2022-05 Phase 4
NCT04434404 Completed
Breast Cancer
Horus University
2018-09-10 Phase 4
NCT03216668 Unknown status
Liver Function Failure
Nhat Nhat Pharmaceutical Company
2017-06-15 Phase 3
NCT02006498 Completed
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
University of Malaya|Rottapharm
2012-06 Phase 2
NCT01018615 Completed
Chronic Hepatitis C|Oxidative Stress
University of North Carolina Chapel Hill|National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)|National Institutes of Health (NIH)
2009-11 Phase 1

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)

Check the Isosilybin product page for in-depth specifications, including solubility, stock solutions, MOA, and working concentrations.

Compliance for Clinical Use

Mechanism and Biochemical Profile

Isosilybin suppresses CYP3A4 enzyme induction and scavenges reactive oxygen species, thereby mitigating oxidative damage and altering xenobiotic biotransformation in hepatic cellular pathways. This inhibition of oxidative stress and metabolic dysregulation supports its clinical relevance in managing hepatic disorders, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic hepatitis C.

Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards

Quality Dimension RUO (Research Use Only) cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice)
Clinical Applicability Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies.
Regulatory Status Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA).
Facility Environment Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring.
Quality Control Basic purity and activity testing. Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma).
Process Validation Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records.
Quality Assurance Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits.
Regulatory Impact High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF).

Footnotes

Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).

Note: Technical data last updated: Sep 1, 2026.