Multiple clinical trials evaluate chlorhexidine across indications including hospital-acquired infections, apical periodontitis, neurogenic bladder with urinary retention, and central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections. Encompassing Phase 3 trials and non-phased interventional protocols, these studies are sponsored by academic institutions, university health networks, and industry partners such as Duke University, Yale University, and Irrimax Corporation. Currently in actively recruiting or not yet recruiting stages, these studies investigate chlorhexidine formulations and bathing interventions to mitigate bacterial contamination and prevent catheter-associated infections.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06112626 | Recruiting | Infections |
Duke University|Massachusetts General Hospital|Indiana University Health |
2024-05-01 | Not Applicable |
| NCT06163469 | Recruiting | Neurogenic Bladder|Urinary Retention |
Yale University|Irrimax Corporation |
2024-04-01 | Not Applicable |
| NCT03700788 | Not yet recruiting | Apical Periodontitis |
University of Southern California |
2023-05-30 | Phase 3 |
| NCT05995080 | Recruiting | Central Venous Catheter Related Bloodstream Infection|Catheter-Related Infections|Bloodstream Infection Due to Central Venous Catheter |
Istanbul Medeniyet University |
2022-05-01 | Not Applicable |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).