Several clinical trials have evaluated carboxyamidotriazole orotate as a single agent or in combination with bevacizumab or lomustine across Phase 1 studies targeting advanced solid tumors, glioblastoma, and World Health Organization Grade III or IV recurrent malignant gliomas. These trials include investigator-initiated research led by Annick Desjardins alongside industry sponsorship from Tactical Therapeutics, Inc. Recruitment records indicate that multiple clinical trials were terminated, while the status of a clinical trial remains unknown.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01107522 | UNKNOWN | Solid Tumors, Glioblastoma, Recurrent Malignant Gliomas |
Tactical Therapeutics, Inc. |
2010-05 | PHASE1 |
| NCT01954030 | TERMINATED | Malignant Glioma (WHO Grade III or IV) |
Annick Desjardins |
2013-10 | PHASE1 |
| NCT01989052 | TERMINATED | Malignant Glioma (WHO Grade III or IV) |
Annick Desjardins |
2014-05 | PHASE1 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2025-09-09)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).
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