Numerous clinical trials spanning Phase 1 through Phase 4 evaluate the therapeutic profile, safety, and efficacy of Siponimod (BAF312) in neurodegenerative and autoimmune conditions, including secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, active dermatomyositis, and mild cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease. Sponsored by pharmaceutical entities such as Novartis Pharmaceuticals and Biogen alongside academic institutions like Johns Hopkins University, these studies encompass recruitment statuses ranging from active and recruiting to completed and terminated.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00162474 | RECRUITING | Healthy |
Hadassah Medical Organization |
2003-09 | |
| NCT06639282 | RECRUITING | Alzheimer Disease; Mild Alzheimer Disease; MCI With Increased Risk for Alzheimer Disease; Cognitive Impairment, Mild |
St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix |
2025-08-26 | PHASE2 |
| NCT03500328 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting |
Johns Hopkins University |
2018-05-02 | |
| NCT04926818 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Multiple Sclerosis (MS) |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2021-10-05 | PHASE3 |
| NCT04925557 | TERMINATED | Secondary-progressive Multiple Sclerosis |
State University of New York at Buffalo |
2021-11-13 | PHASE2; PHASE3 |
| NCT03623243 | COMPLETED | Multiple Sclerosis; Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis; Advancing Multiple Sclerosis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2019-02-14 | PHASE3 |
| NCT05376579 | Active not recruiting | Active Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals|Novartis |
2022-06-17 | -- |
| NCT04895202 | Terminated | Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis With Inflammatory Disease Activity |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals|Novartis |
2021-11-19 | -- |
| NCT04792567 | COMPLETED | Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2021-04-19 | PHASE4 |
| NCT05826028 | Completed | Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals|Novartis |
2020-07-09 | -- |
| NCT03338998 | COMPLETED | Hemorrhagic Stroke; Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2017-12-24 | PHASE2 |
| NCT01185821 | COMPLETED | Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2010-08-30 | PHASE2 |
| NCT01801917 | TERMINATED | Polymyositis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2013-04-24 | PHASE2 |
| NCT01665144 | COMPLETED | Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2012-12-20 | PHASE3 |
| NCT02029274 | TERMINATED | Active Dermatomyositis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2013-08-25 | PHASE2 |
| NCT01904214 | COMPLETED | Renal Impairment |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2013-07 | PHASE1 |
| NCT01565902 | COMPLETED | Hepatic Impairment |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2012-10 | PHASE1 |
| NCT02029274 | Terminated | Active Dermatomyositis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals|Novartis |
2013-08-25 | Phase 2 |
| NCT01148810 | TERMINATED | Polymyositis; Dermatomyositis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2010-06-15 | PHASE2 |
| NCT00879658 | COMPLETED | Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis |
Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
2009-03-30 | PHASE2 |
| NCT00422175 | COMPLETED | Healthy |
Novartis |
2006-10 | PHASE1 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2026-04-21)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).