Several Phase 2 clinical trials, sponsored by academic and industrial entities including Bristol-Myers Squibb, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, R-Pharm, and the University of Alabama at Birmingham, have evaluated epothilone analogs across multiple oncologic indications. Completed studies investigated these derivatives in patients with advanced esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas, as well as platinum-pretreated non-small-cell lung cancer. Furthermore, a trial evaluating refractory metastatic colorectal cancer was ultimately terminated.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00033306 | TERMINATED | Colorectal Cancer |
University of Alabama at Birmingham |
2002-02 | PHASE2 |
| NCT00035516 | COMPLETED | Carcinoma, Non-small-cell Lung |
R-Pharm |
2001-02 | PHASE2 |
| NCT00017043 | COMPLETED | Esophageal Cancer; Gastric Cancer |
Bristol-Myers Squibb |
2001-02 | PHASE2 |
| NCT00017056 | COMPLETED | Esophageal Cancer; Gastric Cancer |
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center |
2001-02 | PHASE2 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2013-08-05)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).