Multiple clinical trials evaluate topoisomerase I inhibitors and related formulations to assess safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy across indications including advanced solid tumors, small cell lung cancer, extra-pulmonary small cell carcinomas, first-line metastatic colorectal cancer, and lymphoma. Encompassing Phase 1, Phase 1/2, and Phase 2 designs, these studies are sponsored by industry and academic institutions—including TaiRx Inc., Enzon Pharmaceuticals Inc., Centre Jean Perrin, and the National Cancer Institute—with recruitment statuses ranging from recruiting and active not recruiting to completed.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06143774 | Recruiting | Advanced Solid Tumor |
TaiRx Inc. |
2023-10-31 | Phase 1 |
| NCT04209595 | Active not recruiting | Small Cell Lung Cancer|Extra-Pulmonary Small Cell Carcinomas |
National Cancer Institute (NCI)|National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) |
2020-04-08 | Phase 1|Phase 2 |
| NCT01963182 | Completed | First Line Metastatic Colorectal Cancer |
Centre Jean Perrin |
2013-10 | Phase 2 |
| NCT00520390 | Completed | Lymphoma|Advanced Solid Tumors |
Enzon Pharmaceuticals Inc. |
2007-05 | Phase 1 |
| NCT00520637 | Completed | Advanced Solid Tumors|Lymphoma |
Enzon Pharmaceuticals Inc. |
2007-05 | Phase 1 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).
- (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin Solubility in DMSO
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- (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin SDS|MSDS