Several clinical trials evaluate therapeutic regimens and patient management strategies in perioperative and critical care settings, including studies on coronary artery bypass grafting, acute cholecystitis, hemodynamic instability and nociceptive pain during cardiac or vascular surgery, and cerebral aneurysm intervention. Sponsored by academic and clinical centers such as Sawanpracharak Hospital, Yonsei University, Erasme University Hospital, and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, these trials list their developmental phase as Not Applicable. Their recruitment statuses range from completed to not yet recruiting and unknown, reflecting ongoing clinical evaluation of cardiovascular and perioperative care protocols.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06238011 | Not yet recruiting | CABG |
Sawanpracharak hospital |
2024-02-28 | Not Applicable |
| NCT05164159 | Completed | Acute Cholecystitis |
Yonsei University |
2022-02-20 | Not Applicable |
| NCT04137991 | Completed | Nociceptive Pain|Goal-directed Therapy|Hemodynamic Instability|Nol-Index|Remifentanil|Cardiac Surgery|Vascular Surgery|General Anesthesia |
Erasme University Hospital |
2019-10-10 | Not Applicable |
| NCT01460563 | Unknown status | Cerebral Aneurysm |
Seoul National University Bundang Hospital |
2011-10 | Not Applicable |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-05-22)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).