Multiple clinical trials are evaluating epalrestat across metabolic, neurological, congenital, and oncological indications, such as diabetes, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, phosphomannomutase 2 deficiency, hepatocellular carcinoma, and triple-negative breast cancer. These Phase II, Phase III, and Phase IV studies are sponsored by academic medical institutions, research institutes, and biopharmaceutical organizations. The trials exhibit varying recruitment statuses, including recruiting, not yet recruiting, terminated, and unknown.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07557914 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | HCC - Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Diabetes |
Haibo Shao |
2026-06 | PHASE2 |
| NCT05777226 | UNKNOWN | Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (CMT) |
The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University |
2023-04 | PHASE2 |
| NCT06201611 | RECRUITING | Diabetic Neuropathy Peripheral |
St. John's Research Institute |
2024-11-15 | PHASE2; PHASE3 |
| NCT04925960 | TERMINATED | Pmm2-CDG; Phosphomannomutase 2 Deficiency; Phosphomannomutase 2 Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation; Phosphomannomutase II Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation; Phosphomannomutase II Deficiency |
Maggie's Pearl, LLC |
2022-11-10 | PHASE3 |
| NCT05184049 | UNKNOWN | Diabetes |
Xiangya Hospital of Central South University |
2022-01 | PHASE4 |
| NCT03244358 | TERMINATED | Triple Negative Breast Cancer |
Sun Yat-sen University |
2017-03-01 | PHASE2 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2026-06-03)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).