Enoxaparin sodium Clinical Trials

Size	Price	Qty
5mg	USD 147
25mg	USD 307

Clinical Trials

Enoxaparin sodium has been evaluated across numerous clinical trials spanning Phase 1 through Phase 4 to address indications such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, trauma-related venous thromboembolism, and acute coronary syndrome. Sponsored by academic health centers, hospital systems, and global pharmaceutical companies such as Sanofi, these investigations encompass recruitment statuses ranging from actively enrolling and completed protocols to terminated or unconfirmed studies.

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT06628778	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)	Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital	2027-04-15	PHASE3
NCT07796737	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Pregnancy Loss; Pregnancy Loss, Early	General University Hospital, Prague	2026-12-01	PHASE3
NCT07499037	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Pneumonia; Heart Failure	University Hospital Ostrava	2027-01	PHASE2
NCT06370273	RECRUITING	Thrombosis; Injury Leg	Queen Mary University of London	2024-11-12	PHASE3
NCT07506473	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Severe Trauma Patient; Venous Thromboembolism	University Hospital, Grenoble	2026-04
NCT03244020	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Sarcoma; Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Bone Sarcoma; Bone Metastases; Venous Thromboembolism; Hematoma; Anticoagulant-induced Bleeding	Massachusetts General Hospital	2018-02-16	PHASE4
NCT07189897	RECRUITING	Venous Thromboembolism; Head and Neck Cancer	Kiranya Arnold	2025-10	PHASE4
NCT07710482	RECRUITING	Prophylactic; Anticoagulation	Menoufia University	2026-08-01
NCT05735639	RECRUITING	Venous Thromboembolism; Varicose Veins	Imperial College London	2024-01-22	PHASE4
NCT07384598	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Thromboprophylaxis; Critical Illness; Intensive Care (ICU)	Clinique Saint Pierre Ottignies	2026-02-01
NCT04924322	RECRUITING	Deep Venous Thrombosis	Yale University	2022-05-11	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT07716332	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Postpartum; DVT Prophylaxis	Ron Beloosesky MD	2026-07-01
NCT07015905	RECRUITING	Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals	2025-06-25	PHASE3
NCT04731558	RECRUITING	Liver Cancer; Surgery; Thrombosis, Deep Vein; Embolism, Pulmonary; Bleeding	Helsinki University Central Hospital	2021-02-10	PHASE4
NCT06442267	RECRUITING	Respiratory Insufficiency; Circulatory Failure; Thromboembolism; Bleeding	Medical University of Vienna	2024-07-30	PHASE4
NCT06531525	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Pregnancy Related; Protein S Deficiency	Peking University People's Hospital	2024-08-01	PHASE2
NCT03083184	RECRUITING	Tunnelled Hemodialysis Catheter Infection	University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand	2018-02-09	PHASE3
NCT05255003	RECRUITING	Cancer-associated Thrombosis; Thrombocytopenia	Tzu-Fei Wang	2022-08-29	PHASE4
NCT07787377	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment With Grade C Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy	Lahore General Hospital	2026-05-01
NCT07462182	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Intrauterine Growth Restriction	Muhammad Aamir Latif	2026-04-01
NCT07559643	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Bariatric Surgery; Anti-Xa Activity; VTE (Venous Thromboembolism); Obesity & Overweight	University College Dublin	2026-08-01
NCT05245877	RECRUITING	Pancreas Cancer; Pancreas Neoplasm; Surgery; Thrombosis; Bleeding	Helsinki University Central Hospital	2022-08-17	PHASE4
NCT04762992	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Fetal Growth Retardation; Prematurity; Pre-Eclampsia	Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central	2022-07-18	PHASE3
NCT07140523	RECRUITING	Venous Thromboembolism	Sirius Therapeutics Co., Ltd.	2025-09-16	PHASE2
NCT07312851	COMPLETED	Healthy Participants	AstraZeneca	2026-01-19	PHASE1
NCT07517289	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Healthy Participants Study; The Focus of the Study is to Determine the Comparative Pharmacodynamic of Enoxaparin Sodium With That of Clexane in Healthy Human Participants	Egyptian International Pharmaceutical Industries Co	2026-04-30	PHASE1
NCT07270263	RECRUITING	Lymphoma; Leukemia; Multiple Myeloma (MM), Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse (DLBCL), Lymphoma; Venous Thromboembolic Disease; VTE (Venous Thromboembolism); PE - Pulmonary Embolism; Hematologic Malignacies	Medical University of Gdansk	2024-11-22
NCT06825416	COMPLETED	Prevention of Arterial and Venous Thrombosis	Beijing Suncadia Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd	2025-03-16	PHASE3
NCT07116239	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Nephrotic Syndrome; Hypoalbuminemia	Peking University People's Hospital	2025-09
NCT06818279	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Portal Vein Thrombosis; Liver Cirrhosis	Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, India	2025-01-31	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT06243510	COMPLETED	Bladder Cancer	Abramson Cancer Center at Penn Medicine	2023-11-24
NCT06049758	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Blood Loss; Intensive Care; Anastomotic Leakage; Lymph Node Disease; Survival; Blood Transfusion	General Committee of Teaching Hospitals and Institutes, Egypt	2024-01-02
NCT07618988	COMPLETED	Pediatric Venous Thromboembolism	Ain Shams University	2024-08-03	PHASE4
NCT06180889	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING	Knee Arthroplasty, Total	Suzhou Alphamab Co., Ltd.	2023-12-20	PHASE2
NCT06689241	RECRUITING	Morbid Obesity; Bariatric Surgery Candidate	Alexandria University	2024-10-01
NCT07243080	RECRUITING	Deep Venous Thromboses; Laparotomy Patients	Mayo Hospital Lahore	2025-10-10	PHASE4
NCT05895136	UNKNOWN	Liver Cirrhosis; Decompensated Cirrhosis of Liver; Acute on Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF)	European Foundation for Study of Chronic Liver Failure	2024-07-01	PHASE2
NCT05672550	COMPLETED	Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	2023-06-28	PHASE4
NCT05484557	RECRUITING	Spinal Cord Injuries; Spinal Diseases	Loewenstein Hospital	2023-09-06
NCT07132515	RECRUITING	Cirrhosis; HCC - Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Portal Vein Thrombosis	Mansoura University	2023-08-15	PHASE4
NCT04483960	UNKNOWN	SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19)	University of Melbourne	2020-07-28	PHASE3
NCT06963320	RECRUITING	Circulatory Disease	Livzon Pharmaceutical Group Inc.	2025-01-20	PHASE2
NCT06153394	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Hepatic Disease; Surgery-Complications; Hypercoagulability; Thrombosis	Western University, Canada	2024-06-01	PHASE3
NCT07124819	COMPLETED	Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; Venous Thromboembolism (VTE); Prevention	Avexima Diol LLC	2024-07-22	PHASE3
NCT02342444	UNKNOWN	Trauma; Surgery; Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT); Thromboembolic Events	Oregon Health and Science University	2014-02	PHASE4
NCT06220123	COMPLETED	Preventing Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Undergoing Ovarian Cancer Surgery	Beijing Suncadia Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd	2024-02-16	PHASE2
NCT06517563	COMPLETED	Coagulation Disorder	VarmX B.V.	2024-08-14	PHASE1
NCT06795698	COMPLETED	Fractures, Bone; CKD Stage 4; CKD Stage 3; CKD Stage 5; Enoxaparin Adverse Reaction; Anticoagulant-induced Bleeding; Thromboses, Venous	Hospital Civil de Guadalajara	2019-03-01	PHASE2
NCT02303171	UNKNOWN	Recurrent Miscarriage; Antiphospholipid Syndrome	Mohamed Sayed Abdelhafez	2014-11	PHASE4
NCT06293287	UNKNOWN	Radial Artery Occlusion	Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University	2024-01-31	PHASE2
NCT06454630	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals	2024-06-27	PHASE2
NCT06416566	UNKNOWN	Psoriasis	Zagazig University	2024-05-15
NCT04999176	UNKNOWN	Cancer; Rivaroxaban; Venous Thromboembolism; Thromboprophylaxis	André Luiz Malavasi Longo de Oliveira	2020-10-22	PHASE3
NCT06118957	COMPLETED	Thromboembolism	University of Utah	2023-10-11	PHASE2
NCT04504318	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Stanford University	2020-08-12	PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT05618808	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals	2023-05-24	PHASE2
NCT05752461	COMPLETED	Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism After Knee Arthroplasty	Beijing Suncadia Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd	2023-04-12	PHASE2
NCT06114641	COMPLETED	Safety Issues; Effect of Drug	PT Bio Farma	2023-06-01	PHASE4
NCT03532139	COMPLETED	Ovarian Cancer	Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center	2018-07-25	PHASE2
NCT04710732	TERMINATED	Venous Thromboembolism	Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University	2021-03-01	PHASE4
NCT05081375	TERMINATED	Venous Thrombosis Deep (Limbs); Surgical Blood Loss	Valleywise Health	2019-12-16	PHASE4
NCT05794165	Enrolling by invitation	Trauma Injury\|Thromboembolism\|Venous Thromboembolism	The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston\|Grifols Shared Services North America Ind.	2023-09-05	Phase 2
NCT06114641	Recruiting	Safety Issues\|Effect of Drug	PT Bio Farma	2023-06-01	Phase 4
NCT02474212	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism; Pulmonary Embolism; Thromboprophylaxis	Tampere University Hospital	2016-05	PHASE4
NCT05203705	TERMINATED	Prevention of Venous Thrombosis After TKA	Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	2022-03-07	PHASE2
NCT05878899	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	University Hospital, Geneva	2022-05-03	PHASE3
NCT04512079	COMPLETED	COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2	Valentin Fuster	2020-09-08	PHASE4
NCT02486666	UNKNOWN	Venous Thromboembolism	Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation	2016-03	PHASE3
NCT03664180	COMPLETED	STEMI - ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction	Beijing Anzhen Hospital	2019-01-11	PHASE4
NCT06635317	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism (VTE); Total Joint Arthroplasty; Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA)	Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado	2022-04-24	PHASE4
NCT04646655	COMPLETED	Covid19; Thrombosis	ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco	2020-07-27	PHASE3
NCT05334654	COMPLETED	Acute Respiratory Failure; SARS CoV 2 Infection; Anticoagulants	University Magna Graecia	2022-04-20
NCT04377997	UNKNOWN	Cardiovascular Diseases; COVID-19	Massachusetts General Hospital	2020-05-15	PHASE2
NCT03988231	WITHDRAWN	Venous Thromboembolism; Bleeding as Surgical Complication (Treatment); Deep Venous Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	University of Utah	2021-07	PHASE4
NCT03145675	COMPLETED	Coronary Artery Disease; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention	Peking Union Medical College Hospital	2017-05-12	PHASE4
NCT04409834	COMPLETED	COVID-19; Venous Thromboembolism; Arterial Thrombosis	The TIMI Study Group	2020-08-05	PHASE4
NCT05237726	COMPLETED	Burns	King Abdullah International Medical Research Center	2020-04-05
NCT04400799	TERMINATED	COVID-19; Pulmonary Embolism, Deep Vein Thrombosis	University of Zurich	2020-06-15	PHASE3
NCT03296033	TERMINATED	Anticoagulants and Bleeding Disorders; Surgery; Regional Anesthesia Morbidity	Wake Forest University Health Sciences	2017-10-24	PHASE4
NCT04305756	COMPLETED	Thromboembolism; Postpartum DVT; Thrombosis	University of Utah	2020-06-12
NCT05417997	COMPLETED	COVID-19 Respiratory Infection; FLU; Cold; Influenza; Bacterial Pneumonia; COVID-19 Pneumonia	RAAS Nutritionals, LLC	2021-05-29	PHASE3
NCT05311813	COMPLETED	COVID-19 Pandemic	Beni-Suef University	2021-06-01
NCT04492254	TERMINATED	COVID-19	Thrombosis Research Institute	2020-10-27	PHASE3
NCT03363035	COMPLETED	Acute Coronary Syndrome; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Ischemia; Unstable Angina	Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University	2018-01-15	PHASE4
NCT05150314	Unknown status	Venous Thromboembolic Disease	University Hospital Strasbourg France	2021-11-18	--
NCT05226793	Recruiting	Venous Thromboembolism	Methodist Health System	2021-11-17	--
NCT01828697	COMPLETED	Deep Venous Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA)	2013-04-24	PHASE4
NCT03701750	UNKNOWN	Infertility	Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital	2018-11-01	PHASE4
NCT04427098	COMPLETED	COVID-19	IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna	2020-05-22	PHASE2
NCT04558125	TERMINATED	Pulmonary Embolism; COVID	Cedars-Sinai Medical Center	2020-09-08	PHASE4
NCT04528888	UNKNOWN	Covid19; SARS-CoV Infection; Pneumonia, Viral; Coagulopathy	Massimo Girardis	2020-11-25	PHASE3
NCT04640181	COMPLETED	Covid19	St. David's HealthCare	2020-12-01	PHASE2
NCT04354155	COMPLETED	Infection Viral; Thromboses, Venous; COVID-19	Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital	2020-06-02	PHASE2
NCT04345848	TERMINATED	COVID; Sars-CoV2	University Hospital, Geneva	2020-04-28	PHASE3
NCT04408235	UNKNOWN	COVID; Pneumonia, Viral; Coagulation Disorder	Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena	2020-06	PHASE3
NCT04366960	COMPLETED	Covid19	Niguarda Hospital	2020-05-14	PHASE3
NCT04401293	COMPLETED	Sars-CoV2; COVID	Northwell Health	2020-04-26	PHASE3
NCT04367831	COMPLETED	COVID-19; Venous Thromboses; Arterial Thrombosis	Columbia University	2020-05-02	PHASE4
NCT04444700	COMPLETED	COVID; Coronavirus Infection; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Thromboembolism, Venous; Anticoagulants and Bleeding Disorders	University of Sao Paulo General Hospital	2020-07-04	PHASE3
NCT04373707	COMPLETED	COVID; Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism; Deep Vein Thrombosis	Central Hospital, Nancy, France	2020-05-13	PHASE4
NCT04406389	TERMINATED	COVID-19	Weill Medical College of Cornell University	2020-10-13	PHASE4
NCT03891524	COMPLETED	Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee	Janssen Research & Development, LLC	2019-06-17	PHASE2
NCT04486508	COMPLETED	Covid19	Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center	2020-07-30	PHASE3
NCT04394377	COMPLETED	Coronavirus Infection	Brazilian Clinical Research Institute	2020-06-21	PHASE4
NCT05265676	COMPLETED	Healthy	Venus Remedies Limited	2021-02-26	PHASE1
NCT05221879	COMPLETED	Dose Adjustment of Enoxaparin in ICU Patients	Meir Medical Center	2019-06-23
NCT02706249	COMPLETED	Venous Thormboembolism	Dana-Farber Cancer Institute	2016-04	PHASE2
NCT02379806	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	University Hospital, Brest	2015-09-03	PHASE3
NCT04169269	UNKNOWN	Deep Vein Thrombosis; Venous Thromboembolism	Florida Orthopaedic Institute	2020-01-13	PHASE4
NCT02744092	COMPLETED	Cancer; Venous Thromboembolism; Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT); Pulmonary Embolism (PE); Blood Clot	Alliance Foundation Trials, LLC.	2016-12-13
NCT04530578	UNKNOWN	Covid19; Pneumonia	Clinica San Camilo, Argentina	2020-06-01	PHASE4
NCT04540926	UNKNOWN	COVID 19 Pneumonia	Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado	2020-09	PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT04508439	UNKNOWN	Covid19; Pneumonia; Coagulation Disorder; Pulmonary Embolism	Hospital Regional de Alta especialidad de Ixtapaluca	2020-06-20
NCT04520620	WITHDRAWN	Sars-CoV2	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne	2020-05-02	PHASE4
NCT04462003	UNKNOWN	Deep Vein Thrombosis; Malignancy	Beni-Suef University	2019-07-03	PHASE3
NCT02444572	COMPLETED	Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Thromboembolic Event	Les Laboratoires des Médicaments Stériles	2015-10	PHASE4
NCT03570281	UNKNOWN	Correction of Cancer-related Coagulopathy With Novel Oral Anticoagulant (Edoxaban)	Samsung Medical Center	2018-06-15	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT03568838	COMPLETED	Myocardial Infarction	Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust	2018-06-28	PHASE4
NCT04402762	COMPLETED	Enoxaparin	Indonesia University	2019-12-20	PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT01573169	TERMINATED	Hemorrhagic Stroke; Venous Thromboembolism; Deep Venous Thrombosis	University Of Perugia	2012-05	PHASE3
NCT05172115	TERMINATED	Pulmonary Embolism; Pulmonary Thromboembolisms; Embolism, Pulmonary; Right Ventricular Dysfunction	Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center	2018-12-22	PHASE3
NCT03393481	WITHDRAWN	Thrombotic Disorders	Novartis Pharmaceuticals	2018-10-03	PHASE2
NCT03812328	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Tetherex Pharmaceuticals Corporation	2019-02-20	PHASE2
NCT02672566	COMPLETED	Fetal Growth Retardation	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne	2016-07-22	PHASE3
NCT03003390	TERMINATED	Deep Venous Thrombosis	Yale University	2017-04-05	PHASE2
NCT03081169	WITHDRAWN	TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury); VTE (Venous Thromboembolism)	Loyola University	2017-04-03	PHASE4
NCT02923115	COMPLETED	Pulmonary Embolism; Thrombotic Disease	Daiichi Sankyo	2016-06-23	PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT03277001	UNKNOWN	Acute Exacerbation Copd; Venous Thromboembolism	Huashan Hospital	2017-10-01
NCT02600260	COMPLETED	Thrombophilia Associated With Pregnancy; Perioperative/Postoperative Complications; Venous Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism; Other Specified Risk Factors in Pregnancy; Deep Vein Thrombosis	University of Sao Paulo General Hospital	2014-12-01
NCT02271295	SUSPENDED	Cirrhosis	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	2015-07-27	PHASE3
NCT03339349	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism; Deep Vein Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolus	University of Utah	2017-11-15	PHASE2
NCT02366871	COMPLETED	Gynecologic Cancer; Venous Thromboembolism	University of Colorado, Denver	2015-04-28	PHASE2
NCT02589145	TERMINATED	Lymphoma	M.D. Anderson Cancer Center	2016-06-22	PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT01763606	COMPLETED	Cancer Patients First-ever Acute Ischemic Stroke	Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center	2012-12-18
NCT03251963	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism; Deep Venous Thrombosis; Surgery	University of Utah	2017-09-15	PHASE2
NCT04235569	COMPLETED	Mitral Valve Disease	Sarah Sabry Hashem	2018-03-01	PHASE4
NCT02412982	COMPLETED	Traumatic Injury; Venous Thromboembolism	University of Cincinnati	2016-03	PHASE4
NCT04558892	TERMINATED	Nephrotic Syndrome	Military Institute od Medicine National Research Institute	2015-10-01	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT03276143	COMPLETED	Knee Arthroplasty, Total	Bayer	2017-09-21	PHASE2
NCT03528967	COMPLETED	Placental Insufficiency; Enoxaparin	Les Laboratoires des Médicaments Stériles	2013-10-23	PHASE4
NCT02704052	COMPLETED	Deep Venous Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolus; Venous Thromboembolism	University of Utah	2016-03	EARLY_PHASE1
NCT02396732	TERMINATED	Venous Thromboembolism; Thromboprophylaxis; Trauma	University of Miami	2016-02	PHASE4
NCT01839487	COMPLETED	Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer	Halozyme Therapeutics	2013-05-14	PHASE2
NCT02401594	TERMINATED	Non-major Orthopaedic Surgery	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne	2015-12-08	PHASE3
NCT03299296	UNKNOWN	Thromboses, Deep Vein; Surgery--Complications	Ahmed AbdelMoneim Hassan Ali	2017-01-01	PHASE3
NCT03254511	UNKNOWN	Esophageal Neoplasms	Mashhad University of Medical Sciences	2016-07-22	PHASE2
NCT03146858	COMPLETED	Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention	Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust	2017-08-25	PHASE4
NCT01149304	COMPLETED	Colorectal Cancer; Liver Metastases; Irradiation Damage; Radiation Induced Liver Disease	University of Magdeburg	2009-06	PHASE2
NCT03000673	COMPLETED	Antithrombotic	Bristol-Myers Squibb	2017-05-23	PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT03083704	COMPLETED	Bleeding	Portola Pharmaceuticals	2017-02-26	PHASE1
NCT02865174	UNKNOWN	Osteoarthritis, Knee	Chang Gung Memorial Hospital	2016-09	PHASE4
NCT03158792	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism; Renal Impairment	Lebanese American University	2015-10-24	PHASE4
NCT02687204	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism; Deep Venous Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolus	University of Utah	2016-03	PHASE1
NCT01631877	WITHDRAWN	Portal Vein Thrombosis	Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, India	2012-06
NCT01916707	UNKNOWN	Venous Thromboembolism	Intermountain Health Care, Inc.	2013-07	PHASE4
NCT00717938	COMPLETED	Small Cell Lung Cancer	Lund University Hospital	2008-06	PHASE3
NCT02774265	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism; Pulmonary Embolism	University of Maryland, Baltimore	2016-01	PHASE3
NCT02326051	COMPLETED	Recurrent Miscarriage; Antiphospholipid Syndrome	Mohamed Sayed Abdelhafez	2014-12	PHASE4
NCT01308528	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Cristália Produtos Químicos Farmacêuticos Ltda.	2015-02	PHASE3
NCT02411331	UNKNOWN	Lock Solution; Catheter Related Blood Stream Infections; Central Venous Catheter Infection; Intravenous Drug Delivery Systems; Coagulase-negative Staphylococci Infection	University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand	2015-03
NCT02744833	TERMINATED	Deep Venous Thrombosis	GlycoMimetics Incorporated	2016-07	PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT01798550	COMPLETED	Obesity	Emory University	2013-03	PHASE4
NCT02260908	UNKNOWN	Traumatic Intracranial Haemorrhage	McMaster University	2014-10
NCT02696330	UNKNOWN	Female , Infertility	Ain Shams Maternity Hospital	2015-09	PHASE4
NCT01356329	SUSPENDED	Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm	National Guard Health Affairs	2009-10	PHASE3
NCT02095509	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Tampere University Hospital	2014-03	PHASE4
NCT01388322	COMPLETED	High Risk Pregnant Women; Placental Insufficiency; Preeclampsia	Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Research Institute	2012-03	PHASE3
NCT02128178	UNKNOWN	Morbid Obesity; Pulmonary Embolism	Mansoura University	2013-11	PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT01911624	COMPLETED	Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteraemia	Universitaire Ziekenhuizen KU Leuven	2013-01	PHASE2
NCT02795065	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Mohamed Sayed Mohamed Abbas	2014-03
NCT02411292	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism; Deep Venous Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolus; Reconstructive Surgery	University of Utah	2015-03	PHASE2
NCT02271113	COMPLETED	Healthy Volunteers	GlycoMimetics Incorporated	2014-10	PHASE1
NCT02072434	COMPLETED	Atrial Fibrillation	Daiichi Sankyo	2014-03-25	PHASE3
NCT02159287	UNKNOWN	Embolic Stroke	Shiraz University of Medical Sciences	2014-01	PHASE2
NCT03363477	COMPLETED	Healthy	Rovi Pharmaceuticals Laboratories	2015-09-25	PHASE1
NCT02368314	COMPLETED	Deep Vein Thrombosis	Biocad	2015-01	PHASE3
NCT01970202	UNKNOWN	Obesity	Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center	2013-11	PHASE4
NCT01583218	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)	Portola Pharmaceuticals	2012-03	PHASE3
NCT02389582	COMPLETED	Coronary Disease	University of Sao Paulo General Hospital	2014-05	PHASE4
NCT00986765	COMPLETED	Preeclampsia	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	2009-06	PHASE3
NCT03551730	COMPLETED	Healthy Volunteers	Portola Pharmaceuticals	2012-12	PHASE2
NCT03088358	COMPLETED	Total Knee Replacement	TeaRx LLC	2013-08	PHASE2
NCT01474902	WITHDRAWN	Asymptotic Venous Thrombosis	The Hospital for Sick Children	2011-08	PHASE3
NCT01354704	COMPLETED	Deep Vein Thrombosis; Venous Thrombosis; Adverse Effect of Anticoagulants	Les Laboratoires des Médicaments Stériles	2011-03	PHASE4
NCT03805672	TERMINATED	Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT); Blood Clots	Oregon Health and Science University	2014-09	PHASE4
NCT02240927	UNKNOWN	Pregnancy; Heart; Complications, Valve, Prosthesis	Kartal Kosuyolu Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Research Hospital	2010-01
NCT01707732	COMPLETED	Thromboprophylaxis in Hospitalized Obese Patients	University Hospital, Rouen	2012-11	PHASE3
NCT01965002	TERMINATED	Soft Tissue Neoplasms	Pejman Ghanouni	2014-05
NCT00990236	COMPLETED	Thromboembolic Complications	Oregon Health and Science University	2009-09
NCT01068795	COMPLETED	Fetal Demise; Fetal Growth Restriction; Preeclampsia; Abruptio Placentae; Thromboembolism	HaEmek Medical Center, Israel	2009-07
NCT01880216	COMPLETED	Deep Vein Thrombosis	Berlin-Chemie AG Menarini Group	2013-06	PHASE3
NCT02232802	COMPLETED	Enoxaparin Sodium is Administered to Healthy Volunteers	Chemi S.p.A.	2014-08-04	PHASE1
NCT01970280	UNKNOWN	Hemodialysis Patients	Dr. Sidney Ben Chetrit	2013-09	PHASE4
NCT01747746	COMPLETED	Atrial Fibrillation; Stroke; Thrombo-embolism; Bleeding	Cook County Health	2012-10	PHASE4
NCT01729559	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolic Disease; Deep Vein Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	Scripps Health	2012-11	PHASE4
NCT02206100	COMPLETED	Healthy	Perosphere Pharmaceuticals Inc, a wholly owned subsidiary of AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2014-04	PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT01713361	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2012-10	PHASE2
NCT02085824	UNKNOWN	Hip Osteoarthritis; Blood Loss	Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education	2012-07
NCT00351663	COMPLETED	Venous Thrombosis; Critical Illness	Shaare Zedek Medical Center	2007-02	PHASE4
NCT02081950	COMPLETED	Clexane is Administered to Healthy Volunteers	Chemi S.p.A.	2014-03	PHASE1
NCT02070237	COMPLETED	Obesity; Obesity, Morbid; Pregnancy; Complications; Cesarean Section; Venous Thromboembolism; Postpartum Deep Phlebothrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	MemorialCare Health System	2013-08	PHASE1
NCT01662908	COMPLETED	Deep Vein Thrombosis; Venous Thrombosis	Daiichi Sankyo	2012-08	PHASE2
NCT02152423	COMPLETED	Acute Coronary Syndrome	University of Monastir	2013-06	PHASE1
NCT01956955	UNKNOWN	This Study Will Provide Data Comparing Safety of LMWH Versus UFH in the Treatment of Acute PE Cases Who Require Thrombolytic Treatment.	Ataturk University	2011-01	PHASE4
NCT01589393	COMPLETED	Traumatic Intracranial Haemorrhage	McMaster University	2010-09
NCT01252420	UNKNOWN	Venous Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	Monash Medical Centre	2010-11	PHASE4
NCT01588171	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolic Diseases	Hawler Medical University	2012-05
NCT00740545	TERMINATED	Alive and Viable Births	University Hospital, Brest	2007-04	PHASE3
NCT00894283	COMPLETED	Deep Venous Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	Johns Hopkins University	2009-06	EARLY_PHASE1
NCT00669149	TERMINATED	Coronary Artery Disease	Centre Hospitalier de PAU	2008-06	PHASE4
NCT00699465	UNKNOWN	Intracerebral Hemorrhage	University of Oulu	2008-08	PHASE4
NCT01356992	TERMINATED	Non ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction; Unstable Angina	Eurofarma Laboratorios S.A.	2012-07	PHASE3
NCT01687491	COMPLETED	Acute Coronary Syndrome; Factor X	Les Laboratoires des Médicaments Stériles	2012-07	PHASE4
NCT04552067	COMPLETED	Acute Coronary Syndrome	University of Monastir	2012-12	PHASE1
NCT00643201	COMPLETED	Venous Thrombosis	Bristol-Myers Squibb	2008-07	PHASE3
NCT01325779	WITHDRAWN	Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis	Lisa Louwers	2011-03
NCT02379663	COMPLETED	Osteoarthritis, Hip; Femur Head Necrosis; Femoral Neck Fractures	Samsung Medical Center	2012-01	PHASE4
NCT01696760	COMPLETED	Bone Metastases; Musculoskeletal Cancer; Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Thromboembolism	Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center	2010-10
NCT00444652	UNKNOWN	Thromboembolism	University Hospital, Strasbourg, France	2006-11	PHASE4
NCT00771563	COMPLETED	Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer	University Hospital, Antwerp	2008-06	PHASE3
NCT00623623	COMPLETED	Myocardial Infarction	Boehringer Ingelheim	2008-03-01	PHASE3
NCT00882635	COMPLETED	Acute Myocardial Infarction	Robert Welsh	2008-10	PHASE3
NCT00680628	TERMINATED	Pulmonary Embolism	Wake Forest University Health Sciences	2008-05	PHASE3
NCT00908960	COMPLETED	Advanced Pancreatic, Colon, Lung, Gastric and Ovarian Cancer	Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center	2009-05	PHASE2
NCT01063426	UNKNOWN	Thrombosis; Prevention; Surgery	Hallym University Medical Center	2009-11	PHASE4
NCT01021488	UNKNOWN	Deep Vein Thrombosis; Venous; Thrombosis; Prevention	Hallym University Medical Center	2009-10	PHASE4
NCT00439777	COMPLETED	Pulmonary Embolism	Bayer	2007-03	PHASE3
NCT00878826	COMPLETED	Venous Thrombosis	Stanford University	2009-05	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT01205932	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Bayer	2010-09	PHASE3
NCT00633061	TERMINATED	Childhood Cancer; Central Venous Catheters; Deep Vein Thrombosis; Catheter-related Infection; Catheter-related Occlusion	University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center	2008-06	PHASE2
NCT01206972	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Bayer	2010-10	PHASE3
NCT00457002	COMPLETED	Venous Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	Bristol-Myers Squibb	2007-06	PHASE3
NCT01014403	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism; Traumatic Brain Injury	University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center	2009-11	PHASE1
NCT00874484	COMPLETED	Vulvodynia	Western Galilee Hospital-Nahariya	2009-03	PHASE2
NCT01356615	COMPLETED	End Stage Renal Failure on Dialysis	Tehran University of Medical Sciences	2011-03
NCT01058759	TERMINATED	Non-small Cell Lung Cancer	Hannover Medical School	2009-11	PHASE3
NCT00232271	TERMINATED	Deep Vein Thrombosis	Melbourne Health	2005-08	PHASE4
NCT00622648	COMPLETED	Acute Illness	Sanofi	2008-01	PHASE4
NCT00345618	COMPLETED	Embolism; Thrombosis	Sanofi	2006-06	PHASE3
NCT00679588	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Sanofi	2008-04	PHASE3
NCT00571649	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Bayer	2007-12	PHASE3
NCT00916669	WITHDRAWN	Small Cell Lung Cancer	Massachusetts General Hospital	2008-07	PHASE2
NCT00902928	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip	Astellas Pharma Europe B.V.	2009-04	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT00440193	COMPLETED	Venous Thrombosis	Bayer	2007-03	PHASE3
NCT00493896	TERMINATED	Venous Thromboembolism	Eastern Virginia Medical School	2007-07	PHASE3
NCT00913120	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Astellas Pharma Inc	2009-05	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT00718471	COMPLETED	Primary PCI - STEMI	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	2008-08	PHASE3
NCT00793234	COMPLETED	Total Knee Replacement Surgery	ThromboGenics	2008-12	PHASE2
NCT01181167	COMPLETED	Prevention; Venous Thromboembolism	Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.	2009-05	PHASE3
NCT00718354	COMPLETED	Gastric Cancer; Gastroesophageal Cancer	Thrombosis Research Institute	2008-07	PHASE3
NCT00917254	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Astellas Pharma Inc	2009-05	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT00836355	TERMINATED	Acute Ischemic Stroke	NYU Langone Health	2009-04
NCT01051778	COMPLETED	Recurrent Abortion	Cairo University	2006-06	PHASE2
NCT00721760	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Sanofi	2008-07	PHASE3
NCT00423319	COMPLETED	Deep Vein Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	Bristol-Myers Squibb	2007-03	PHASE3
NCT00657150	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Boehringer Ingelheim	2008-03	PHASE3
NCT01181102	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.	2009-03	PHASE3
NCT00521885	TERMINATED	Venous Thrombosis	Lehigh Valley Hospital	2007-09
NCT01181141	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.	2008-10	PHASE3
NCT00697099	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Sanofi	2008-06	PHASE3
NCT00718224	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Sanofi	2008-07	PHASE3
NCT00986076	COMPLETED	Inflammation	Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Center	2008-03	PHASE4
NCT00769873	TERMINATED	Portal Vein Thrombosis; Splenic Vein Thrombosis	University of Alberta	2006-10	PHASE2
NCT00714597	TERMINATED	Venous Thromboembolism	Sanofi	2008-07	PHASE3
NCT00408239	COMPLETED	Thromboembolism	Astellas Pharma Inc	2006-12	PHASE2
NCT00412802	COMPLETED	Acute Coronary Syndrome; Renal Failure	French Cardiology Society	2006-12	PHASE4
NCT00518245	TERMINATED	Unstable Angina	Canadian Heart Research Centre	2007-08	PHASE4
NCT00785421	COMPLETED	Pancreatic Cancer	CONKO-Studiengruppe	2004-04	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT00452530	COMPLETED	Deep Vein Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	Bristol-Myers Squibb	2007-06	PHASE3
NCT00265993	COMPLETED	Venous Thrombosis	Sanofi	2004-12	PHASE4
NCT00426127	TERMINATED	Pancreatic Cancer	University of Iowa	2006-11	PHASE2
NCT01203098	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism; Thromboembolism; Thrombosis; Embolism and Thrombosis; Deep Vein Thrombosis; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip	Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.	2008-07	PHASE2
NCT00641732	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Takeda	2007-10	PHASE2
NCT00358735	COMPLETED	Deep Vein Thrombosis of Lower Limb; Pulmonary Embolism (PE); Bleeding	Medical Compression Systems	2006-06
NCT02171559	COMPLETED	Healthy	Boehringer Ingelheim	2008-08	PHASE1
NCT00750451	COMPLETED	Infertility; Fertilization in Vitro; Recurrent Implantation Failure	V.K.V. American Hospital, Istanbul	2006-01
NCT00371683	COMPLETED	Deep Vein Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	Bristol-Myers Squibb	2006-11	PHASE3
NCT00585182	COMPLETED	Obesity; Venous Thrombosis; Anticoagulants	University of Utah	2007-01	PHASE4
NCT00413374	COMPLETED	Deep Vein Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	Brigham and Women's Hospital	2006-05
NCT00673426	COMPLETED	Kidney Disease	Azidus Brasil	2008-01	PHASE3
NCT00191724	COMPLETED	Submassive Pulmonary Embolism	Eli Lilly and Company	2004-09	PHASE2
NCT00723216	COMPLETED	Abdominal Neoplasms	Sanofi	2007-03	PHASE3
NCT00622115	COMPLETED	Thrombosis	Sanofi	2007-07	PHASE1
NCT00353678	COMPLETED	Thromboembolism	Astellas Pharma Inc	2006-06	PHASE2
NCT00331838	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Sanofi	2006-05	PHASE2
NCT00332020	COMPLETED	Prevention; Venous Thromboembolism	Bayer	2006-02	PHASE3
NCT00338897	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Sanofi	2006-05	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT00347490	COMPLETED	Hemodialysis	Sanofi	2006-05	PHASE4
NCT00685958	COMPLETED	Hip Fractures	Sanofi	2006-07	PHASE3
NCT00329628	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Bayer	2006-02	PHASE3
NCT00375609	COMPLETED	Thromboembolism	Portola Pharmaceuticals	2006-05	PHASE2
NCT00361894	COMPLETED	Prevention; Venous Thromboembolism	Bayer	2006-02	PHASE3
NCT00362232	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Bayer	2006-06	PHASE3
NCT00077792	COMPLETED	Myocardial Infarction; Acute ST-Segment Elevation	Sanofi	2002-10	PHASE3
NCT00077753	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Sanofi	2002-02	PHASE4
NCT00206089	TERMINATED	Thromboembolism	AstraZeneca	2005-09	PHASE3
NCT00077805	COMPLETED	Acute Ischemic Stroke	Sanofi	2003-08	PHASE4
NCT00168818	COMPLETED	Thromboembolism; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip	Boehringer Ingelheim	2004-11	PHASE3
NCT00152971	COMPLETED	Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; Thromboembolism	Boehringer Ingelheim	2004-11	PHASE3
NCT00168805	COMPLETED	Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; Thromboembolism	Boehringer Ingelheim	2004-11	PHASE3
NCT00097357	COMPLETED	Venous Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism	Bristol-Myers Squibb	2004-10	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT00790387	COMPLETED	Acute Coronary Syndrome	The Prince Charles Hospital	2004-06	PHASE4
NCT00139815	COMPLETED	Thromboembolism	GlaxoSmithKline	2003-04	PHASE3
NCT00839163	COMPLETED	Venous Thrombosis; Deep Vein Thrombosis	Bayer	2004-03	PHASE2
NCT00077844	COMPLETED	Percutaneous Coronary Intervention	Sanofi	2004-01	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT00396786	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Bayer	2004-11	PHASE2
NCT00420667	COMPLETED	Coronary Disease; Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting	G. d'Annunzio University	2004-11
NCT00043784	COMPLETED	Unstable Angina; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Ischemia	Sanofi	2001-08	PHASE3
NCT00077818	COMPLETED	Acute Coronary Syndrome	Sanofi	2002-06	PHASE4
NCT00959621	COMPLETED	Habitual Abortion	University of Helsinki	2002-01	PHASE3
NCT00402467	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Bayer	2004-02	PHASE2
NCT01945879	COMPLETED	Pancreatic Cancer	CONKO-Studiengruppe	2003-01	PHASE1; PHASE2
NCT00251576	COMPLETED	Acute Coronary Syndrome	Organon and Co	1999-11-01	PHASE3
NCT00839826	COMPLETED	Thromboembolism; Prevention	Bayer	2002-12	PHASE2
NCT01225822	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Boehringer Ingelheim	2002-11	PHASE2
NCT02181998	COMPLETED	Myocardial Infarction	Boehringer Ingelheim	2000-07	PHASE3
NCT02181985	COMPLETED	Myocardial Infarction	Boehringer Ingelheim	2000-05	PHASE3
NCT00298285	COMPLETED	Mechanical Valve Replacement; Warfarin Therapy	The Cleveland Clinic		PHASE4
NCT00328939	COMPLETED	Thromboembolism; Knee Replacement; Hip Replacement	GlaxoSmithKline	2004-05	PHASE3
NCT00439855	COMPLETED	Coronary Artery Disease	Triemli Hospital	2003-09	PHASE4
NCT00170378	COMPLETED	Brain Injury; Venous Thrombosis	Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute	2002-12	PHASE4
NCT00121446	COMPLETED	Myocardial Infarction	University of Alberta	2003-07	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT00306254	COMPLETED	Venous Thrombosis	Pfizer	2006-03	PHASE2
NCT00093158	COMPLETED	Unstable Angina; Myocardial Infarction; Acute Disease	The Medicines Company	2003-08	PHASE3
NCT00321009	COMPLETED	Coronary Artery Disease; Acute Myocardial Infarction	Corewell Health East	2000-03
NCT00349180	COMPLETED	Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip	Sanofi	2006-06	PHASE3
NCT00253396	COMPLETED	Bruises	Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation	2005-10	PHASE4
NCT00289042	COMPLETED	Atrial Fibrillation	The Cleveland Clinic	1999-12	PHASE4
NCT00375076	COMPLETED	Cancer	Medical University of Vienna	2006-06	PHASE3
NCT00074828	COMPLETED	Total Knee Replacement; Total Hip Replacement	Eli Lilly and Company	2003-12	PHASE2
NCT00398905	COMPLETED	Venous Thromboembolism	Bayer	2004-01	PHASE2

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2026-05-26)

Check the Enoxaparin sodium product page for in-depth specifications, including solubility, stock solutions, MOA, and working concentrations.

Compliance for Clinical Use

Mechanism and Biochemical Profile

Enoxaparin sodium binds specifically to antithrombin III, potentiating its inhibitory activity against coagulation factor Xa and thrombin within the enzymatic cascade. By blocking these crucial protease mediators, it prevents thrombin-mediated fibrin clot formation and thrombus expansion, providing established therapeutic benefit in conditions such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards

Quality Dimension	RUO (Research Use Only)	cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice)
Clinical Applicability	Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics.	Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies.
Regulatory Status	Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws.	Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA).
Facility Environment	Unclassified analytical or research laboratories.	Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring.
Quality Control	Basic purity and activity testing.	Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma).
Process Validation	Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required.	Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records.
Quality Assurance	Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS.	Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits.
Regulatory Impact	High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material.	Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF).

Footnotes

Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).