Multiple clinical trials conducted by academic sponsors in China evaluate β-elemene for advanced oncological conditions, though their recruitment status is officially recorded as unknown. A Phase 3 trial sponsored by Sun Yat-sen University assesses β-elemene as maintenance therapy following standard treatment for newly diagnosed malignant gliomas, including glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma. Additionally, a Phase 2 trial sponsored by China Medical University investigates β-elemene combined with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors for patients with advanced, EGFR-TKI-resistant non-small cell lung cancer.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT02629757 | UNKNOWN | Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma; Anaplastic Astrocytoma; Glioblastoma |
Sun Yat-sen University |
2015-04 | PHASE3 |
| NCT03123484 | UNKNOWN | Non Small Cell Lung Cancer |
China Medical University, China |
2017-04 | PHASE2 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2018-02-23)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).