Multiple clinical trials sponsored by entities such as Synta Pharmaceuticals, OrphAI Therapeutics, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases have evaluated apilimod mesylate across diverse inflammatory, infectious, neurodegenerative, and oncological conditions. These Phase 1 and Phase 2 studies, along with expanded access protocols, assessed therapeutic efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics in Crohn's disease, COVID-19, C9ORF72-associated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia, relapsed non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Recruitment for these trials has concluded, with statuses recorded as completed or no longer available.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05163886 | COMPLETED | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; ALS |
OrphAI Therapeutics |
2021-12-23 | PHASE2 |
| NCT04446377 | COMPLETED | COVID-19 Disease |
OrphAI Therapeutics |
2020-07-15 | PHASE2 |
| NCT02594384 | COMPLETED | Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic |
OrphAI Therapeutics |
2015-10 | PHASE1 |
| NCT00234741 | Completed | Crohn''s Disease |
Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp.|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)|National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
2005-11 | Phase 2 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2025-06-22)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).