CAS No. 541-15-1

Batch: Purity:99.65
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L-carnitine (Levocarnitine) Chemical Structure
Chemical Structure
Check the L-carnitine (Levocarnitine) product page for in-depth specifications, including solubility, stock solutions, MOA, and working concentrations.

Chemical Information

IUPAC Name (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate
CAS Number 541-15-1
Molecular Formula

C7H15NO3
Molecular Weight (MW) 161.2
SMILES C[N+](C)(C)CC(CC(=O)[O-])O
InChIKey PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N

Ordering Information

Biological Activity

L-carnitine (Levocarnitine) is an endogenous quaternary ammonium compound that serves as an essential cofactor in lipid metabolism. It functions as a carrier molecule to facilitate the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix. This process enables mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation and ATP generation, playing a vital role in cellular energy homeostasis and lipid homeostasis in striated muscle and liver tissue. [1]

How to Prepare Stock Solution?

Concentration Volume Mass
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Solubility

Batch:
All in vitro solubility values are batch-tested experimental data (non-literature values).
Solvent Solubility & Note
Water 32 mg/mL
Ethanol 32 mg/mL
DMSO 12 mg/mL (74.44 mM)
(Moisture-contaminated DMSO may reduce solubility. Use fresh, anhydrous DMSO. The recommended stock concentration is 10 mM in DMSO.)
FAQ
Q: Why does a DMSO stock precipitate in media/saline?
A: It is caused by unheated aqueous media (supersaturation), local solvent shock, or incorrect mixing sequence.
How to fix it?
  • Preheat media/saline to 37°C.
  • Mix rapidly (pipette/vortex) upon addition.
  • For complex mixes, always add the aqueous phase last.
  • Re-dissolve minor precipitates with a 37°C water bath and sonication (≤30 min).

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Note: Technical data last updated: Sep 1, 2026.