Multiple clinical trials, with statuses ranging from completed to not yet recruiting, evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile and therapeutic efficacy of icariin across diverse indications. Early-stage research by the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in collaboration with NCCIH established its human pharmacokinetics, while advanced clinical trials addressed bipolar disorder and substance use disorder. Additionally, research sponsored by Seoul National University Hospital focuses on dermatological outcomes in acne and acne scars, alongside a planned trial evaluating icariin soft capsules as adjuvant therapy for hepatocarcinoma.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06900478 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Hepatocarcinoma |
Hua Li |
2025-03-30 | PHASE2 |
| NCT07076784 | COMPLETED | Acne; Acne Scars |
Seoul National University Hospital |
2023-03-21 | |
| NCT02112123 | COMPLETED | the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Icariin in Humans |
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center |
2014-04 | PHASE1 |
| NCT01979133 | COMPLETED | Bipolar Disorder; Substance Use Disorder |
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center |
2013-10 | PHASE3 |
| NCT02112123 | Completed | the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Icariin in Humans |
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center|National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) |
2014-04 | Phase 1 |
(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2025-03-28)
Mechanism and Biochemical Profile
Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards
| Quality Dimension | RUO (Research Use Only) | cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Applicability | Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. | Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies. |
| Regulatory Status | Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. | Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA). |
| Facility Environment | Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. | Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring. |
| Quality Control | Basic purity and activity testing. | Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma). |
| Process Validation | Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. | Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records. |
| Quality Assurance | Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. | Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits. |
| Regulatory Impact | High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. | Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF). |
Footnotes
Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).