Clinical Trials

The therapeutic potential of targeting the apelin-APJ signaling axis has been evaluated across several clinical trials focusing on vascular, metabolic, and renal pathologies. Early-phase clinical research, including completed studies sponsored by Imperial College London, University Hospital Basel, and the University of Edinburgh, has explored the systemic effects of apelin receptor modulation. Specific trials such as NCT01590108, NCT06277336, and NCT03956576 have completed recruitment to evaluate acute cardiopulmonary and physiological responses in human subjects. These completed Phase 1 investigations primarily target conditions including idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis, hyponatremia, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases, and endothelial dysfunction.

NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT06277336 COMPLETED
SIAD - Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis; Hyponatremia
University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
2024-03-01
NCT03956576 COMPLETED
Chronic Kidney Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Endothelial Dysfunction
University of Edinburgh
2020-02-04
NCT01590108 COMPLETED
Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Imperial College London
2012-03 PHASE1

(data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2025-03-30)

Check the (Ala13)-Apelin-13 product page for in-depth specifications, including solubility, stock solutions, MOA, and working concentrations.

Compliance for Clinical Use

Mechanism and Biochemical Profile

(Ala13)-Apelin-13 functions as a potent antagonist of the APJ receptor, competitively binding the active site to block downstream G-protein-coupled signal transduction and apelin-mediated smooth muscle relaxation. By inhibiting receptor activation and restoring cellular tone, this compound provides a valuable tool for investigating APJ signaling in the context of cardiovascular diseases, endothelial dysfunction, and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Appendix RUO and cGMP Quality Standards

Quality Dimension RUO (Research Use Only) cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice)
Clinical Applicability Prohibited in human clinical trials or medical diagnostics. Mandatory for human clinical trials (Phase I–III) and therapies.
Regulatory Status Non-regulated grade; exempt from drug manufacturing laws. Legally enforced by health authorities (e.g., FDA, EMA, NMPA).
Facility Environment Unclassified analytical or research laboratories. Validated Cleanrooms (ISO Class 5–8) with continuous monitoring.
Quality Control Basic purity and activity testing. Rigorous safety release testing (Sterility, Endotoxin, Mycoplasma).
Process Validation Basic equipment calibration; no process validation required. Full qualification (IQ/OQ/PQ) and complete batch records.
Quality Assurance Vendor self-declared without required formal QMS. Mandatory QA/QC unit, Change Control, CAPA, and vendor audits.
Regulatory Impact High risk of IND rejection if used as a critical raw material. Required for IND/NDA filings, supported by Drug Master Files (DMF).

Footnotes

Regulatory Note: Governed by FDA (21 CFR Parts 210/211/312), EMA (EudraLex Vol 4), ICH Guidelines (E6/Q7/Q9/Q10), and compendial standards (USP <71>/<85>/<1043>).

Note: Technical data last updated: Sep 1, 2026.