Spebrutinib (AVL-292)

Catalog No.S7173 Batch:S717301

Technical Data

Formula	C₂₂H₂₂FN₅O₃
Molecular Weight	423.44	CAS No.	1202757-89-8
Solubility (25°C)*	In vitro	DMSO	85 mg/mL (200.73 mM)
		Water	Insoluble
		Ethanol	Insoluble
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble. * Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations. * Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description

Spebrutinib (AVL-292) is a covalent, orally active, and highly selective BTK inhibitor with IC50 of <0.5 nM, displaying at least 1400-fold selectivity over the other kinases assayed. Phase 1.

Targets

BTK ^[1]
(Cell-free assay)

<0.5 nM

In vitro

AVL-292 exhibits dose-dependent inhibition of Btk with EC50 of 8 nM and downstream BCR signaling components in Ramos cells. ^[1] AVL-292, by inhibiting BTK activities, further inhibits B cell proliferation with EC50 of 3 nM. ^[2]

In vivo

In a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model, AVL-292 (3- 30 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently inhibits the clinical signs of inflammatory disease, including reduction in joint and paw swelling and visible redness of the affected paws. ^[2]

Features

Orally bioavailable BTK-selective inhibitor that has been tested in Phase I clinical trials for treatment of relapsed or refractory B-NHL, CLL and WM.

Protocol (from reference)

Kinase Assay:^{^[2]}	Procedures for BTK OMNIA Assay The Omnia continuous read assay is performed essentially as described by the vendor. The assay conditions are: 40 μM ATP (1X K_MATP), 10 μM Y5-Sox, and 10 nM BTK enzyme. Briefly, a substrate mix containing 1.13X ATP and the Y5 Sox substrate is first prepared in 1X Omnia Kinase Reaction Buffer (KRB) consisting of 20 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 5 mM MgCl₂, 1 mM EGTA, 5 mMβ-glycerophosphate, 5% glycerol, and 0.2 mM DTT. For IC50 measurements, 5 μL of enzyme are incubated with serially diluted (3-fold) compounds prepared in 50% DMSO in a Corning (#3574) 384-well, white, non-binding surface microtiter plate at 25°C for 30 min. Kinase reactions are started with the addition of 45 μL of the ATP/Y5 substrate mix and monitored at λex360/λem485 in a Synergy 4 plate reader for 60 minutes. Progress curves from each well are examined for linear reaction kinetics and fit statistics. Initial velocity from each reaction is determined from the slope of a plot of relative fluorescence units versus time and then plotted against inhibitor concentration to estimate IC50 using the Response, Variable Slope model in GraphPad Prism from GraphPad Software.
Cell Assay:^{^[2]}	Cell lines Human B cells Concentrations ~1000 nM Incubation Time 72 hours Method A suspension of resting purified naïve human B cells isolated by negative selection in RPMI is prepared at 0.4–0.5 × 10⁶ cells/ml. Cells are mixed together with α-human IgM (final concentration of 5 μg/ml in each well) and vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide) or AVL-292 (final concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, or 1000 nM per well) and seeded in a 96-well plate. Cells are incubated for 56 hours in a humidified incubator maintained at 37°C and 5% CO₂. ³H-Thymidine is added (final concentration of 1 μCi in each well) and cells are incubated overnight, harvested, and measured for ³H incorporation. Experiments are performed in triplicate.

Kinase Assay:^{^[2]}

Procedures for BTK OMNIA Assay
The Omnia continuous read assay is performed essentially as described by the vendor. The assay conditions are: 40 μM ATP (1X K_MATP), 10 μM Y5-Sox, and 10 nM BTK enzyme. Briefly, a substrate mix containing 1.13X ATP and the Y5 Sox substrate is first prepared in 1X Omnia Kinase Reaction Buffer (KRB) consisting of 20 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 5 mM MgCl₂, 1 mM EGTA, 5 mMβ-glycerophosphate, 5% glycerol, and 0.2 mM DTT. For IC50 measurements, 5 μL of enzyme are incubated with serially diluted (3-fold) compounds prepared in 50% DMSO in a Corning (#3574) 384-well, white, non-binding surface microtiter plate at 25°C for 30 min. Kinase reactions are started with the addition of 45 μL of the ATP/Y5 substrate mix and monitored at λex360/λem485 in a Synergy 4 plate reader for 60 minutes. Progress curves from each well are examined for linear reaction kinetics and fit statistics. Initial velocity from each reaction is determined from the slope of a plot of relative fluorescence units versus time and then plotted against inhibitor concentration to estimate IC50 using the Response, Variable Slope model in GraphPad Prism from GraphPad Software.

Cell Assay:^{^[2]}

Cell lines
Human B cells
Concentrations
~1000 nM
Incubation Time
72 hours
Method
A suspension of resting purified naïve human B cells isolated by negative selection in RPMI is prepared at 0.4–0.5 × 10⁶ cells/ml. Cells are mixed together with α-human IgM (final concentration of 5 μg/ml in each well) and vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide) or AVL-292 (final concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, or 1000 nM per well) and seeded in a 96-well plate. Cells are incubated for 56 hours in a humidified incubator maintained at 37°C and 5% CO₂. ³H-Thymidine is added (final concentration of 1 μCi in each well) and cells are incubated overnight, harvested, and measured for ³H incorporation. Experiments are performed in triplicate.

References

Customer Product Validation

: , , Allergy, 2017, 72(11):1666-1676

: , , J Biomol Screen, 2015, 20(7):876-886.

Selleck's Spebrutinib (AVL-292) has been cited by 12 publications

Surface-associated antigen induces permeabilization of primary mouse B-cells and lysosome exocytosis facilitating antigen uptake and presentation to T-cells [ Elife, 2021, 10e66984]	PubMed: 34704555
Assessment of the effects of Syk and BTK inhibitors on GPVI-mediated platelet signaling and function [ Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, 2021, 320(5):C902-C915]	PubMed: 33689480
Combining ibrutinib and checkpoint blockade improves CD8+ T-cell function and control of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Em-TCL1 mice. [ Haematologica, 2020, 10.3324/haematol.2019.238154]	PubMed: 32139435
Differential impact of BTK active site inhibitors on the conformational state of full-length BTK [ Elife, 2020, 9e60470]	PubMed: 33226337
Differential impact of BTK active site inhibitors on the conformational state of full-length BTK [ Elife, 2020, 9e60470]	PubMed: 33226337
Effects of Inhibitors against Syk-BTK-PI3K Signaling on Platelet Function [ ScholarsArchive@OSU, 2020, None]	PubMed: None
Effects of Inhibitors against Syk-BTK-PI3K Signaling on Platelet Function [ ScholarsArchive@OSU, 2020, 51]	PubMed: N/A
Inhibition of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Modulates Microglial Phagocytosis: Therapeutic Implications for Alzheimer's Disease [ J Neuroimmune Pharmacol, 2019, 10.1007/s11481-019-09839-0]	PubMed: 30758770
Improving CLL Vγ9Vδ2-T-cell fitness for cellular therapy by ex vivo activation and ibrutinib [ Blood, 2018, 132(21):2260-2272]	PubMed: 30213872
BTK inhibition is a potent approach to block IgE-mediated histamine release in human basophils. [Smiljkovic D, et al. Allergy, 2017, 10.1111/all.13166]	PubMed: 28328081

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