Palmitic acid

Catalog No.S3794 Batch:S379402

Technical Data

Formula	C₁₆H₃₂O₂
Molecular Weight	256.42	CAS No.	57-10-3
Solubility (25°C)*	In vitro	DMSO	51 mg/mL (198.89 mM)
		Ethanol	51 mg/mL (198.89 mM)
		Water	Insoluble
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble. * Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations. * Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description	Palmitic acid (Hexadecanoic acid, Cetylic acid) is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms with anti-tumor activity.
In vitro	Palmitic acid (PA) binds TLR4 via the adaptor protein MD2 and that the TLR4 signal induced by PA stimulates dendritic cells activation and maturation accompanied by a robust IL-1β response. Palmitic acid is a TLR4/MD-2 ligand. It exerts pro-inflammatory activity through TLR4^[1].
In vivo	In a dose-dependent fashion, palmitic acid rapidly reduces mouse locomotor activity by a mechanism that did not rely on TLR4, MyD88, IL-1, IL-6 or TNFα but is dependent on fatty acid chain length. Palmitic acid induces anxiety-like behavior in mice while increasing amygdala-based serotonin metabolism^[2].

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:^{^[3]}	Cell lines The insulinoma cell line INS-1 Concentrations 250 μmol/L Incubation Time 24 or 48 h Method The INS-1 cells are seeded onto 96-well plates at 4,000 cells/well with 10% BSA and incubated with T0901317 (10 μmol/L), palmitic acid (250 μmol/L), a combination of T0901317 and palmitic acid or PBS (mock control) for 24 or 48 h. After the treatment incubation, 20 μl of MTT solution (5 mg/mL MTT in PBS, pH 7.4) are added to each well, followed by incubation at 37°C for 4 h. The supernatants are removed from the wells and DMSO (15 μl/well) is added to dissolve the crystals. The optical density at a wavelength of 490 nm is measured using a microplate reader.
Animal Study:^{^[2]}	Animal Models C57BL/6J mice Dosages 0.3, 3, and 30 μmol/mouse Administration i.p.

Cell Assay:^{^[3]}

Cell lines
The insulinoma cell line INS-1
Concentrations
250 μmol/L
Incubation Time
24 or 48 h
Method
The INS-1 cells are seeded onto 96-well plates at 4,000 cells/well with 10% BSA and incubated with T0901317 (10 μmol/L), palmitic acid (250 μmol/L), a combination of T0901317 and palmitic acid or PBS (mock control) for 24 or 48 h. After the treatment incubation, 20 μl of MTT solution (5 mg/mL MTT in PBS, pH 7.4) are added to each well, followed by incubation at 37°C for 4 h. The supernatants are removed from the wells and DMSO (15 μl/well) is added to dissolve the crystals. The optical density at a wavelength of 490 nm is measured using a microplate reader.

Animal Study:^{^[2]}

Animal Models
C57BL/6J mice
Dosages
0.3, 3, and 30 μmol/mouse
Administration
i.p.

References

Selleck's Palmitic acid has been cited by 6 publications

Prenatal valproic acid on the basis of gestational diabetes also induces autistic behavior and disrupts myelination and oligodendroglial maturation slightly in offspring [ Research Square, 2024, 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3480364/v1]	PubMed: none
Myristic acid as a checkpoint to regulate STING-dependent autophagy and interferon responses by promoting N-myristoylation [ Nat Commun, 2023, 14(1):660]	PubMed: 36750575
Palmitic acid induces nDNA release to cytosol and promotes microglial M1 polarization via cGAS-STING signaling pathway [ Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res, 2023, 1870(1):119385]	PubMed: 36302463
FGF9 Alleviates the Fatty Liver Phenotype by Regulating Hepatic Lipid Metabolism [ Front Pharmacol, 2022, 13:850128]	PubMed: 35517790
GDF11 rapidly increases lipid accumulation in liver cancer cells through ALK5-dependent signaling [ Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids, 2021, 1866(6):158920]	PubMed: 33684566
Effects of melatonin on fatty liver disease: The role of NR4A1/DNA-PKcs/p53 pathway, mitochondrial fission, and mitophagy [ J Pineal Res, 2018, 64(1)]	PubMed: 28981157

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

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