Chloroquine diphosphate

Catalog No.S4157 Batch:S415704

Print

Technical Data

Formula

C18H26ClN3.2H3O4P
Molecular Weight 515.86 CAS No. 50-63-5
Solubility (25°C)* In vitro Water 100 mg/mL (193.85 mM)
DMSO Insoluble
Ethanol Insoluble
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble.
* Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations.
* Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description Chloroquine diphosphate is a 4-aminoquinoline anti-malarial and anti-rheumatoid agent, also acting as an ATM activator. Chloroquine is also an inhibitor of toll-like receptors (TLRs).
Targets
TLR3 [4] TLR7 [4] TLR8 [4] TLR9 [4] ATM [1]
(Cell-free assay)
In vitro

Chloroquine is a chemotherapeutic agent for the clinical treatment of malaria. Chloroquine is able to bind to DNA, and inhibit DNA replication and RNA synthesis which in turn results in cell death. The effect of Chloroquine may also be related to the formation of a toxic heme-Chloroquine complex. Chloroquine inhibits trophozoite hemoglobin degradation through increasing vacuolar pH and inhibiting the activity of vacuolar phospholipase, vacuolar proteases, and heme polymerase[1].

Chloroquine possesses definite antirheumatic properties. Chloroquine has immuno-modulatory effects, suppressing the production/release of tumour necrosis factor and interleukin 6. Moreover, Chloroquine exerts direct antiviral effects, inhibiting pH-dependent steps of the replication of several viruses including members of the flaviviruses, retroviruses, and coronaviruses. Its best-studied effects are those against HIV replication[2].

Chloroquine can accumulate inside the macrophage phagolysosome by ion trapping where it exerts potent antifungal activity against Histoplasma capsulatum and Cryptococcus neoformans by distinct mechanisms. Chloroquine inhibits growth of H. capsulatum by pH-dependent iron deprivation, whereas it is directly toxic to C. neoformans[3].
In vivo

Chloroquine has tumor‑inhibitory and tumor‑promoting effects in triple‑negative breast cancer.

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:

[5]
  • Cell lines

    Monocytes

  • Concentrations

    20 μM

  • Incubation Time

    1 h

  • Method

    Cells were treated with indicated concentration of drug for 1 h.
Animal Study:

[6]
  • Animal Models

    Athymic nude/nu mice

  • Dosages

    80 mg/kg

  • Administration

    i.p.

References

  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8361993/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14592603/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10972492/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18305095/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25385822/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24273604/

Customer Product Validation

<p>NCI-H929 EV and miR-137 OE cells were treated with ATM activator Chloroquine Phosphate (CQ), specific ATM inhibitor KU-55933, and ATR inhibitor AZ20 for 12 hr. Immunoblotting showed the expression of p-ATM, p-Chk2, p-BRCA1, p-ATR and p-Chk1.</p>

, , Leukemia, 2017, 31(5):1123-1135

<p>Rapamycin aggravates the autophagic reaction induced by CVB3 infection. HeLa cells were treated with 10 nM rapamycin and chloroquine phosphate (CQ group) for 2 h. The cells were washed thrice and infected with CVB3. In the CVB3 group, HeLa cells were incubated with DMEM containing 10% FBS for 2 h and infected with CVB3. The sham group was incubated with DMEM containing 10% FBS. Two hours later, the medium was refreshed with DMEM containing 2% FBS. At 24 h.p.i., cells were collected for western blot analysis. The LC3-II/LC3-I ratio was increased in the CVB3 and rapamycin group (p<0.01), and p-mTOR was decreased in the CVB3 group (p<0.05) and rapamycin group (p<0.01) compared with the sham group. The changes in the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and p-mTOR were more obvious in the Rap group compared with the CVB3 group (p<0.05). The LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and p62 was increased in the CQ group compared with the CVB3 group (p<0.05). *p<0.05, compared with the sham group; **p<0.01, compared with the sham group; #p<0.05, compared with the CVB3 group. CVB3, coxsackievirus B3; DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; FBS, fetal bovine serum; h.p.i., hours post-inoculation; LC3, light chain 3; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin.</p>

, , Int J Mol Med, 2017, 40(1):182-192

Western blot showing expression of autophagy-related proteins in four pancreatic cancer cell lines treated with gemcitabine alone or chloroquine alone or both

Data from [ , , Cancer Lett, 2018, 436:129-138 ]

Cells were pre-treated with rapamycin (Rapa, 1 μM) for 12 h, or KRIBB3 (KR, 0.5 μM) or chloroquine (CQ, 10 μM) for 2 h, followed by treatment with of palmitate (PA, 150 μM) for 24 h. Then the lipid in L02 cells was observed with Oil Red O (ORO) staining and ORO absorbance detection. Values are means ± SD (n = 3), *p b 0.05, versus matched controls.

Data from [ , , Cell Signal, 2016, 28(8):1086-98. ]

Selleck's Chloroquine diphosphate Has Been Cited by 217 Publications

Melatonin ameliorates zearalenone-induced ovarian damage in mice through antioxidative effects [ Front Vet Sci, 2025, 12:1587391] PubMed: 40860911
Noncanonical function of folate through folate receptor 1 during neural tube formation [ Nat Commun, 2024, 15(1):1642] PubMed: 38388461
Macroautophagy/autophagy promotes resistance to KRASG12D-targeted therapy through glutathione synthesis [ Cancer Lett, 2024, 604:217258] PubMed: 39276914
Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction, a famous Chinese medicine formula, protects against APAP-induced liver injury by promoting autophagy/mitophagy [ Phytomedicine, 2024, 135:156053] PubMed: 39326138
KIFC1 depends on TRIM37-mediated ubiquitination of PLK4 to promote centrosome amplification in endometrial cancer [ Cell Death Discov, 2024, 10(1):419] PubMed: 39349439
Inducing Receptor Degradation as a Novel Approach to Target CC Chemokine Receptor 2 (CCR2) [ Int J Mol Sci, 2024, 25(16)8984] PubMed: 39201670
Targeting autophagy as a therapeutic strategy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):4000] PubMed: 38369625
A high-throughput response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic [ SLAS Discov, 2024, 29(5):100160] PubMed: 38761981
Lysosomes mediate the mitochondrial UPR via mTORC1-dependent ATF4 phosphorylation [ Cell Discov, 2023, 9(1):92] PubMed: 37679337
Lysosomes mediate the mitochondrial UPR via mTORC1-dependent ATF4 phosphorylation [ Cell Discov, 2023, 9(1):92] PubMed: 37679337

RETURN POLICY
Selleck Chemical’s Unconditional Return Policy ensures a smooth online shopping experience for our customers. If you are in any way unsatisfied with your purchase, you may return any item(s) within 7 days of receiving it. In the event of product quality issues, either protocol related or product related problems, you may return any item(s) within 365 days from the original purchase date. Please follow the instructions below when returning products.

SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

NOT FOR HUMAN, VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE.