4-PBA (4-Phenylbutyric acid)

Catalog No.S3592

Technical Data

Formula	C₁₀H₁₂O₂
Molecular Weight	164.20	CAS No.	1821-12-1
Solubility (25°C)*	In vitro	DMSO	33 mg/mL (200.97 mM)
		Water	Insoluble
		Ethanol	''33 mg/mL
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble. * Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations. * Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

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Biological Activity

Description

4-PBA (4-Phenylbutyric acid) is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and a key epigenetic inducer of anti-HCV hepatic hepcidin. 4-Phenylbutyric acid inhibits LPS-induced inflammation through regulating endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy in acute lung injury models.

Targets

HDAC ^[1]

In vitro

4-PBA inhibits the ER stress induced by SiNPs in RAW264.7 cells, as evidenced by the expansion and degranulation of ER, as well as greatly up-regulated Bip and CHOP expressions.^[3]

In vivo

4-PBA attenuates LPS-induced bone loss in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice, by increasing area of TRAP-positive osteoclasts (OCs) and serum level of collagen type I fragments.^[4]

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:^{^[3]}	Cell lines Mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells Concentrations 3 mM Incubation Time 6 h Method Mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells are cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum at 37 ℃ in a 5% CO₂ incubator. SiNPs are diluted by DMEM to appropriate concentrations, and an ER stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) is applied (3 mM, 6 h). The SiNPs-treated group is at a concentration of 50 μg/ml in vitro experiments. Similarly, the application of 4-PBA is set up through MTT assay, after SiNPs with or without 4-PBA treatment, cells are harvested for the following measurement. The levels of Bip and CHOP induced by SiNPs are measured.

Cell Assay:^{^[3]}

Cell lines
Mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells
Concentrations
3 mM
Incubation Time
6 h
Method
Mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells are cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum at 37 ℃ in a 5% CO₂ incubator. SiNPs are diluted by DMEM to appropriate concentrations, and an ER stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) is applied (3 mM, 6 h). The SiNPs-treated group is at a concentration of 50 μg/ml in vitro experiments. Similarly, the application of 4-PBA is set up through MTT assay, after SiNPs with or without 4-PBA treatment, cells are harvested for the following measurement. The levels of Bip and CHOP induced by SiNPs are measured.

References

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32752233/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28245985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7531166/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29458048/

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Selleck's 4-PBA (4-Phenylbutyric acid) has been cited by 26 publications

Liver-specific gene PGRMC1 blocks c-Myc-induced hepatocarcinogenesis through ER stress-independent PERK activation [ Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):50]	PubMed: 39747098
The antitumor effects of lupenone on colon cancer and its mechanistic insights [ Phytomedicine, 2025, 145:156939]	PubMed: 40669211
The rheumatoid arthritis drug Auranofin targets peroxiredoxin 1 and peroxiredoxin 2 to trigger ROS-endoplasmic reticulum stress axis-mediated cell death and cytoprotective autophagy [ Free Radic Biol Med, 2025, 233:1-12]	PubMed: 40089079
Curcumin Attenuates Fumonisin B1-Induced PK-15 Cell Apoptosis by Upregulating miR-1249 Expression to Inhibit the IRE1/MKK7/JNK/CASPASE3 Signaling Pathway [ Antioxidants (Basel), 2025, 14(2)168]	PubMed: 40002355
MLL1 downregulation drives hair cell ferroptosis via mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress mechanisms through PERK-eIF2α-Atf4-Chop and PI3K/Akt-Lrp1 signaling pathway [ Chin Med J (Engl), 2025, 10.1097/CM9.0000000000003633]	PubMed: 40640087
Seneca Valley virus induces mitochondrial apoptosis by activating ER stress or the PERK pathway based on Ca2+ transfer from ER to mitochondria [ J Virol, 2025, 99(3):e0217724]	PubMed: 39912666
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone May Facilitates Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance by Inducing M1 Macrophage Polarization [ J Inflamm Res, 2025, 18:8331-8343]	PubMed: 40585042
Arsenic Trioxide Enhances the Efficacy of PD-1 Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Immunogenic Cell Death via the ROS/ERS Pathway [ Immun Inflamm Dis, 2025, 13(6):e70214]	PubMed: 40504080
A novel CSN5/CRT O-GlcNAc/ER stress regulatory axis in platinum resistance of epithelial ovarian cancer [ Int J Biol Sci, 2024, 20(4):1279-1296]	PubMed: 38385070
Melatonin protects RPE cells from necroptosis and NLRP3 activation via promoting SERCA2-related intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis [ Phytomedicine, 2024, 135:156088]	PubMed: 39341129

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