2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG)

Catalog No.S4701 Batch:S470109

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Technical Data

Formula

C6H12O5
Molecular Weight 164.16 CAS No. 154-17-6
Solubility (25°C)* In vitro DMSO 33 mg/mL (201.02 mM)
Water 33 mg/mL (201.02 mM)
Ethanol Insoluble
In vivo (Add solvents to the product individually and in order)
Homogeneous suspension
CMC-NA
≥5mg/ml Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble.
* Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations.
* Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description An analog of glucose, 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) is a glycolytic inhibitor with antiviral activity. It induces apoptosis and inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus type-1 (HSV-1) receptor expression.
Targets
glycolysis [1]
In vitro 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) activates AKT function through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and is independent of glycolysis or mTOR inhibition. Its treatments disrupt the binding between insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) so that the free form of IGF-1 could be released from the IGF-1·IGFBP3 complex to activate IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling. 2-DG-induced activation of many survival pathways can be jointly attenuated through IGF1R inhibition. This compound also induces time- and dose-dependent ERK phosphorylation[1]. It is readily transported into cells and is phosphorylated by hexokinase, but cannot be metabolized further and accumulates in the cell. This leads to ATP depletion and the induction of cell-death[2]. 2DG significantly suppresses proliferation, causes apoptosis and reduces migration of murine endothelial cells, inhibiting formation of lamellipodia and filopodia and causing disorganization of F-actin filaments in murine endothelial cell[5].
In vivo Treatment of cancer patients with relatively high doses of 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) (greater than 200 mg/kg) was largely ineffective in managing tumor growth. Side effects of this compound included elevated blood glucose levels, progressive weight loss with lethargy, and behavioral symptoms of hypoglycemia[2]. It enhances isoflurane-induced loss of righting reflex in mice. By reducing metabolism, 2-DG treatment can decrease body temperature in rodent, enhancing sensitivity to anesthetics[3]. A diet containing it significantly increased serum ketone body level and brain expression of enzymes required for ketone body metabolism. The 2-DG-induced maintenance of mitochondrial bioenergetics was paralleled by simultaneous reduction in oxidative stress. Further, treated mice exhibited a significant reduction of both amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid beta (Aβ) oligomers, which was paralleled by significantly increased α-secretase and decreased γ-secretase expression, indicating that this compound induced a shift towards a non-amyloidogenic pathway. It increased expression of genes involved in Aβ clearance pathways, degradation, sequestering, and transport. Concomitant with increased bioenergetic capacity and reduced β-amyloid burden, 2-DG significantly increased expression of neurotrophic growth factors, BDNF and NGF, thus reduces pathology in female mouse model of Alzheimer's disease[4].

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:

[1]
  • Cell lines

    H460 or H157 cells

  • Concentrations

    5 mM

  • Incubation Time

    48 h

  • Method

    H460 or H157 cells (2×103) are seeded in 96-well cell culture plates and treated with 5 mM 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) only, 5 or 10 μM IGF1R inhibitor II only, or a combination of it and IGF1R inhibitor II. Cell growth inhibition is determined after 48 h by the CellTiter 96® AQueous nonradioactive cell proliferation assay.
Animal Study:

[3]
  • Animal Models

    Adult C57BL/6J mice

  • Dosages

    1000 mg/kg

  • Administration

    i.p.

References

  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19574224/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19032781/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25390277/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21747957/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26398947/

Customer Product Validation

(B) 2-DG activates AMPK and suppresses H3K27me3, PRC2 of ovarian cancer cells in normoglycemic condition.

Data from [ , , Int J Oncol, 2018, 52(6):1899-1911 ]

Selleck's 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) Has Been Cited by 100 Publications

The noncanonical function of liver-type phosphofructokinase potentiates the efficacy of HDAC inhibitors in cancer [ Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2025, 10(1):341] PubMed: 41083431
Mitochondrial-cytochrome c oxidase II promotes glutaminolysis to sustain tumor cell survival upon glucose deprivation [ Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):212] PubMed: 39747079
Simvastatin overcomes the pPCK1-pLDHA-SPRINGlac axis-mediated ferroptosis and chemo-immunotherapy resistance in AKT-hyperactivated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [ Cancer Commun (Lond), 2025, 10.1002/cac2.70036] PubMed: 40443016
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Lactylation Aggravates Mitochondrial Dysfunction by Disrupting PHB2 Mediated Mitophagy in Acute Kidney Injury [ Adv Sci (Weinh), 2025, 12(8):e2411943] PubMed: 39737891
Energy Deficiency-Induced ATG4B Nuclear Translocation Inhibits PRMT1-Mediated DNA Repair and Promotes Leukemia Progression [ Adv Sci (Weinh), 2025, 12(40):e09838] PubMed: 40788108
Lactylation of CREB is required for FSH-induced proliferation and differentiation of ovarian granulosa cells [ Nucleic Acids Res, 2025, 53(17)gkaf882] PubMed: 40966521
A CD147-targeted small-molecule inhibitor potentiates gemcitabine efficacy by triggering ferroptosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [ Cell Rep Med, 2025, 6(8):102292] PubMed: 40834852
PDK4-driven lactate accumulation facilitates LPCAT2 lactylation to exacerbate sepsis-induced acute lung injury [ Cell Death Differ, 2025, 10.1038/s41418-025-01585-6] PubMed: 41057687
Glycolysis Induces Abnormal Transcription Through Histone Lactylation in T-lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia [ Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics, 2025, qzaf029] PubMed: 40193528
HIF-1-mediated macrophage metabolic reprogramming promotes AKI to CKD transition [ Int J Biol Sci, 2025, 21(13):5936-5955] PubMed: 41079928

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

NOT FOR HUMAN, VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE.