(20S)-Protopanaxadiol

Catalog No.S4746 Batch:S474602

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Technical Data

Formula

C30H52O3

Molecular Weight 460.73 CAS No. 30636-90-9
Solubility (25°C)* In vitro DMSO 92 mg/mL (199.68 mM)
Ethanol 92 mg/mL (199.68 mM)
Water Insoluble
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble.
* Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations.
* Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

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Biological Activity

Description 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD, 20-Epiprotopanaxadiol), the main intestinal metabolite of ginsenosides, is one of the active ingredients in ginseng. 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol inhibits P-glycoprotein in multidrug resistant cancer cells.
In vitro

Concentrations causing growth inhibition of 50% of cells (LC50) for the compounds PPD is 23 μg/ml, for Int-407 cells. The the LC50 for PPD is determined to be 24 μg/ml in Caco-2 cells. In the Int-407 cell line, PPD produces great percentage of sub-G1 (apoptotic) cells(The Int-407 cell line is a human embryonic nonmalignant cell line originating from fetal tissue of approximately 2 months gestation, whereas Caco-2 is a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line). This response is attributed to differences in individual ginsenoside glycosylation and, thus, the hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance [2]. Incubation with PPD also significantly reduces the viability of U251-MG and U87-MG cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The cytotoxic effect of PPD is accompanied by reduced expression of cell adhesion proteins, including N-cadherin and integrin β1, which leads to reduced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase. Furthermore, incubation with PPD reduces the expression of cyclin D1 and subsequently induces cell-cycle arrest at the G1 phase[3].

In vivo

Treatment with PPD(20(S)-Protopanaxadiol) and PPT(20(S)-Protopanaxatriol) prior to immobilization stress increase the time spent in open arms and open arm entries in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test. Treatment with PPD potently suppresses immobilization stress-induced serum levels of corticosterone and interleukin (IL)-6 by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PPD and PPT may exhibit the anxiolytic effect via γ-aminobutyrateA (GABAA) receptor(s) and serotonergic receptor(s), respectively, and PPD may have an anti-inflammatory effect that is more potent than that of PPT[1].

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:

[2]

  • Cell lines

    Int-407 and Caco-2 cell lines

  • Concentrations

    23 μg/ml(Int-407 cells); 24 µg/mL(Caco-2 cells)

  • Incubation Time

    24, 48, 72 h

  • Method

    Int-407 and Caco-2 cells are seeded at a concentration of 1×106 cells/mL in 24-well plates in separate experiments. Test ginsenosides (PPD, PPT, Rh2) are added to wells to the LC50 concentration determined previously from the MTT assays. The ginsenoside concentrations used for Int-407 cells are 23, 26, and 53 µg/mL, respectively, for PPD, PPT, and Rh2. In a similar experiment using Caco-2 cells, 24 µg/mL for both PPD and PPT and 55 µg/mL for Rh2 is used. Untreated cells represented the control. Cells are incubated at 37℃ in a 5% CO2 humidified incubator for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell-free supernatant are obtained by centrifugation(400g) for 10 min, and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay is conducted as previously reported.

Animal Study:

[1]

  • Animal Models

    Male ICR mice

  • Dosages

    5 or 10 mg/kg

  • Administration

    p.o.

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

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