Embelin

Catalog No.S7025 Batch:S702501

Technical Data

Formula

C₁₇H₂₆O₄

Molecular Weight

294.39

CAS No.

550-24-3

Solubility (25°C)*

In vitro

DMSO

59 mg/mL (200.41 mM)

Ethanol

12 mg/mL (40.76 mM)

Water

Insoluble

In vivo (Add solvents to the product individually and in order)

Clear solution

5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O

5.0mg/ml

Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 100 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to make it clear; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.

* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble.
* Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations.
* Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description

Embelin (Embelic Acid, NSC 91874), a quinone isolated from the Japanese Ardisia herb, is an inhibitor of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) with IC50 of 4.1 μM in a cell-free assay.

Targets

5-LO ^[2] (Cell-free assay)	mPGES-1 ^[2] (Cell-free assay)	XIAP ^[1] (Cell-free assay)
0.06 μM	0.2 μM	4.1 μM

In vitro

Embelin from the Japanese Ardisia herb is a small-molecular inhibitor that binds to the XIAP BIR3 domain with which Smac and caspsase-9 bind. Embelin inhibits cell growth of both PC-3 and LNCap cells in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 3.7 and 5.7 μM. While, the toxicity of Embelin in normal PrEC and in WI-38 cells is much lower with IC50 values of 20.1 μM and 19.3 μM. Treatment of PC-3 cells with 25 and 50 μM of embelin for 48 h, 30% and 75% of cells undergo apoptosis, representing approximately 3-and 9-fold increase as compared to untreated cells. ^[1] Embelin also potently suppresses the biosynthesis of eicosanoids by selective inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and Microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) with IC50 = 0.06 and 0.2 mM, respectively. ^[2]

Protocol (from reference)

Kinase Assay:^{^[1]}	Fluorescence Polarization Competitive Binding Assay Fluorescence polarization experiments are performed in Dynex 96-well, black, round-bottom plates. A 5 μL sample of Embelin dilutions in DMSO, and preincubated XIAP BIR3 protein (0.06 μM) and the N terminus of a Smac peptide (SM7F) (0.01 μM) in the assay buffer are added to 96-well plates to produce a final volume of 125 μL. For each assay, the bound peptide control containing XIAP BIR3 protein and SM7F (equivalent to 0% inhibition) and free peptide control containing only free SM7F (equivalent to 100% inhibition) were included. The plates were mixed and incubated at room temperature for 3 h to reach equilibrium.
Cell Assay:^{^[1]}	Cell lines Human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, LNCap), normal human fibroblast cell line WI-38, and humanprostate epithelial cells (PrEC) Concentrations 1-64 μM Incubation Time 4-5 days Method Cell growth is determined by the MTT-based assay using Cell Proliferation Reagent WST-1 according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Cells (5000 cells/well) are grown in medium with 10% FBS, and various concentrations of Embelin are added to the cells. Four to five days later, WST-1 is added to each well and incubated for 1-3 h at 37 °C. Absorbance is measured with a plate reader at 450 nm with correction at 650 nm.

Kinase Assay:^{^[1]}

Fluorescence Polarization Competitive Binding Assay
Fluorescence polarization experiments are performed in Dynex 96-well, black, round-bottom plates. A 5 μL sample of Embelin dilutions in DMSO, and preincubated XIAP BIR3 protein (0.06 μM) and the N terminus of a Smac peptide (SM7F) (0.01 μM) in the assay buffer are added to 96-well plates to produce a final volume of 125 μL. For each assay, the bound peptide control containing XIAP BIR3 protein and SM7F (equivalent to 0% inhibition) and free peptide control containing only free SM7F (equivalent to 100% inhibition) were included. The plates were mixed and incubated at room temperature for 3 h to reach equilibrium.

Cell Assay:^{^[1]}

Cell lines
Human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, LNCap), normal human fibroblast cell line WI-38, and humanprostate epithelial cells (PrEC)
Concentrations
1-64 μM
Incubation Time
4-5 days
Method
Cell growth is determined by the MTT-based assay using Cell Proliferation Reagent WST-1 according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Cells (5000 cells/well) are grown in medium with 10% FBS, and various concentrations of Embelin are added to the cells. Four to five days later, WST-1 is added to each well and incubated for 1-3 h at 37 °C. Absorbance is measured with a plate reader at 450 nm with correction at 650 nm.

References

Customer Product Validation

: Data from [Data independently produced by , , Leukemia, 2016, 812-822.]

: Data from [Data independently produced by , , Antiviral Res, 2018, 158:13-24]

: Data from [Data independently produced by , , Inflammation, 2015, 38(4): 1556-1562.]

: Data from [Data independently produced by , , EBioMedicine, 2017, 15:48-61]

Selleck's Embelin has been cited by 8 publications

Embelin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury through the inhibition of M1 macrophage activation and NF-κB signaling in mice [ Heliyon, 2023, 9(3):e14006]	PubMed: 36938407
Targeting c-IAP1, c-IAP2, and Bcl-2 Eliminates Senescent Glioblastoma Cells Following Temozolomide Treatment [ Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13(14)3585]	PubMed: 34298797
SMAC Mimetics Induce Autophagy-Dependent Apoptosis of HIV-1-Infected Resting Memory CD4+ T Cells. [ Cell Host Microbe, 2018, 24(5):689-702]	PubMed: 30344003
Aberrant regulation of the Akt signaling network by human cytomegalovirus allows for targeting of infected monocytes [Peppenelli MA Antiviral Res, 2018, 158:13-24]	PubMed: 30055197
Porphyromonas gingivalis Differentially Modulates Apoptosome Apoptotic Peptidase Activating Factor 1 in Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts [Bugueno IM Am J Pathol, 2018, 188(2):404-416]	PubMed: 29154960
Regulation of XIAP Turnover Reveals a Role for USP11 in Promotion of Tumorigenesis. [Zhou Z, et al. EBioMedicine, 2017, 15:48-61]	PubMed: 28040451
Calcineurin and GSK-3 inhibition sensitizes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to apoptosis through X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein degradation. [Tosello V, et al. Leukemia, 2016, 30(4):812-22]	PubMed: 26648536
Embelin Reduces Systemic Inflammation and Ameliorates Organ Injuries in Septic Rats Through Downregulating STAT3 and NF-κB Pathways. [Zhou XL, et al. Inflammation, 2015, 38(4):1556-62]	PubMed: 25682469

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

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