Cinene

Catalog No.S5140 Batch:S514001

Technical Data

Formula	C₁₀H₁₆
Molecular Weight	136.23	CAS No.	138-86-3
Solubility (25°C)*	In vitro


* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble. * Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations. * Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Biological Activity

Description	Cinene (Limonene, Dipentene) is a clear, colorless liquid hydrocarbon classified as a cyclic monoterpene, and is the major component in oil of citrus fruit peels. It is usually used to make fragrances and flavors.This product is a hazardous chemical (acute toxicity/flammable/skin corrosive). Please use it while wearing a protective face mask, gloves, and clothing.
In vitro	Cinene (Limonene, Dipentene) treatment significantly elevates collagen synthesis, alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin synthesis, and mineralization in osteoblastic cells. Limonene decreases interleukin (IL)-1 β-induced NF-κB, JNK and p38 activation and the expression of inflammatory (iNOS) and catabolic (MMP-1 and MMP-13) genes, while increasing the activation of anti-catabolic genes (TIMP-1) and ERK1/2 relative to IL-1β-treated cells in a cellular model of osteoarthritis. Limonene effectively protectes human lymphatic endothelial cells from H2O2-induced oxidative stress, and that its antioxidant effect is significant, increasing cell survival rate^[1]. Limonene could inhibit LPS-induced production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and proinflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 macrophages^[2].
In vivo	In a mouse model of acute lung injury, limonene pretreatment at doses of 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg decreases LPS-induced evident lung histopathological changes, lung wet-to-dry weight ratio, and lung myeloperoxidase activity. In addition, pretreatment with limonene inhibits in flammatory cells and proin flammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 in BALF (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid). Limonene blocks the phosphorylation of IκBα, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase in LPS-induced acute lung injury. It improves the pulmonary functions^[2].

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:^{^[1]}	Cell lines MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells Concentrations 0.01-1 μM Incubation Time 3 days Method MC3T3-E1 cells are cultured at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ atmosphere in α-MEM. The media contained 10% heat-inactivated FBS, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 mg/ml streptomycin. The cells are treated at confluence with culture media containing 5 mM β-glycerophosphate and 50 μg/ml ascorbic acid to initiate differentiation. After 3 days (for collagen content and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity) or 14 days (for osteocalcin and calcium deposition assay), the cells are incubated with limonene for 3 days.
Animal Study:^{^[2]}	Animal Models BALB/c mice Dosages 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg Administration i.p.

Cell Assay:^{^[1]}

Cell lines
MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells
Concentrations
0.01-1 μM
Incubation Time
3 days
Method
MC3T3-E1 cells are cultured at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ atmosphere in α-MEM. The media contained 10% heat-inactivated FBS, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 mg/ml streptomycin. The cells are treated at confluence with culture media containing 5 mM β-glycerophosphate and 50 μg/ml ascorbic acid to initiate differentiation. After 3 days (for collagen content and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity) or 14 days (for osteocalcin and calcium deposition assay), the cells are incubated with limonene for 3 days.

Animal Study:^{^[2]}

Animal Models
BALB/c mice
Dosages
25, 50 and 75 mg/kg
Administration
i.p.

References

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

NOT FOR HUMAN, VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE.