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COMPOUND LIBRARIES AND THEIR ADVANTAGES

COMPOUND LIBRARIES: INTRODUCTION AND FUNCTIONS
A fair to a big group of the stored compounds which can be used for industrial manufacturing of drugs or the high-throughput screening assay based drug discovery, is defined as a compound library. This collection or group of compounds is supported by the specific kind of database that contains the relevant information and knowledge about the included compounds and that information includes the compound’s purity, preparation, chemical structure, chemical, physical and pharmacological properties [1]. A lot of compound libraries are commercially available and they might contain a mixture of some common or some unique biochemical compounds. A detailed file containing the complete information regarding the compounds is presented in the research chemical library and this file is purchasable from the relevant suppliers. These compound libraries are most advantageous in the high throughput screening assays in which the target of a drug is screened against a number of different compounds that are taking space in the library. More the number of compounds in a compound library more are the chances of getting a ‘hit’ in screening compound procedure.


HOW TO CREATE THE COMPOUND LIBRARIES:
Sometimes compound libraries or chemical catalogs are generated for some specific purposes; if it is so then they might be generated by using a subset of the smaller libraries. For example the screening of different kinase inhibitors against the cancers- a small library containing the compounds allosteric binding sites for ATP with the kinase enzymes should be screened rather than going to screen the whole library and it would be not only time saving but also the chemicals used during the screening process are saved. A designed molecule library contains the new compounds which are produced by the extensive modifications in a known compound. These alterations in the structure of original compounds probably alter its properties and specialties and make them less toxic or more specific for their use in the therapeutic field. This kind of changes or alterations usually involves the substitution of the original compound’s side chains with different types of functional groups or they may involve the changes in backbone of the compound itself. Compounds offered by supplier in form of a compound library can be generated by supplier side itself and sometime can also be purchased from the outside supplier to improve or supplement the library.


HOW TO MANAGE A COMPOUND LIBRARY:
For the assay of high throughput screening or chemical library screening, a huge number of compounds is divided into the smaller subsets or the smaller libraries that are screened against a disease and once  preliminary ‘hits’ are gained, the selected compounds are re-screened to verify their activity and function [2]. When a compound successfully crosses the small molecule drug screening, it is registered and further analyzed for its efficacy against its target conditions [3]. Usually some other compounds related to ‘hit’ compound or its derivatives are also analyzed to check or verify if they have some efficacy also. And it is not an unusual practice to derive some more compounds on the basis of selected compound. These derived compounds can be very similar to the original one structurally and often found to be very efficacious. An important aspect of the compound screening is maintenance which requires a proper storage of compounds to fully utilize their shelf-lives. Technical advances in the scientific area have made the storage of compounds to manage the compound libraries much regular and systematic [4].


REFERENCES:
1. Schneider P, e.a., Self-Organizing Maps in Drug Discovery: Compound Library Design, Scaffold-Hopping, Repurposing Current Medicinal Chemistry, 2009.
2. Su GH, e.a., A Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Identified by High-Throughput Transcriptional Screening of a Compound Library. Cancer Res, 2000.
3. Huggins DJ, e.a., Rational Methods for the Selection of Diverse Screening Compounds. ACS Chem. Biol., 2011.
4. Gaillard Y, e.a., Use of high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array UV detection for the creation of a 600-compound library application to forensic toxicology. Journal of Chromatography A, 1997.