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Quinolinic acid

Name: Quinolinic acid
Brand: Selleck Chemicals
SKU: S3624
Rating: 5 (1 reviews)

Synonyms: pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, QUIN

Catalog No.S3624 Purity: 99.16%

Quinolinic Acid (pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, QUIN), a neuroactive metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, is an agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor.

Quinolinic acid Chemical Structure

CAS: 89-00-9

Purity & Quality Control

Batch: S362401 DMSO] 25 mg/mL] false] Water] 3 mg/mL] false] Ethanol] Insoluble] false Purity: 99.16%

99.16

Quinolinic acid Related Products

Related Targets	NMDA receptor	Click to Expand
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Biological Activity

Description

Quinolinic Acid (pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, QUIN), a neuroactive metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, is an agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor.

Targets

NMDAR ^[1]

In vitro
In vitro	QUIN is an agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, and it has a high in vivo potency as an excitotoxin. Although QUIN has an uptake system, its neuronal degradation enzyme is rapidly saturated, and the rest of extracellular QUIN can continue stimulating the NMDA receptor. QUIN (10 μM) prevents of glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons, nevertheless mature organotypic cultures of rat corticostriatal system or caudate nucleus chronically exposed to 100 nM QUIN for up to 7 weeks show focal degeneration characterized by the presence of vacuoles in neuropil, swollen dendrites, occasional swollen post-synaptic elements, and degenerated neurons. In vitro QUIN treatment of human primary foetal neurons leads to a substantial increase of tau phosphorylation at multiple positions. The increase in QUIN-induced phosphorylation of tau is attributed to a decrease in the expression and activity of the major tau phosphatases. QUIN can inhibit B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) in human brain synaptosomal mitochondria and also can be a potent inhibitor of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (EC 4.1.1.32) from rat liver cytoplasm, an important enzyme in the gluconeogenesis pathway that converts oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate. QUIN can increase free radical production by inducing NOS activity in astrocytes and neurons, leading to oxidative stress, increasing both poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity and extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity^[1].

In Vivo
In vivo	Quinolinic acid (QUIN), a neuroactive metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, is normally presented in nanomolar concentrations in human brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and is often implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of human neurological diseases. The concentration of QUIN varies among different brain regions, with the cerebral cortex containing approximately 1.8 nmol/g wet weight; almost 2-fold than that found in the hippocampus (1 nmol/g wet weight). Intraarterial administration of either micromolar or millimolar concentrations of QUIN results in only negligible accumulations of this metabolite in the brain, suggesting that the central nervous system (CNS) appears to be well protected by the blood brain barrier (BBB) from peripheral QUIN. QUIN can also increase glutamate release and inhibit its reuptake by astrocytes, thus increasing its concentration in the microenvironments, causing neurotoxicity and also limiting glutamate to glutamine recycling in astrocytes by decreasing glutamine synthetase activity. Intrastriatal injection of QUIN provokes a decrease of cellular respiration and ATP levels^[1].
Animal Research	Animal Models	C57Bl/6J mice
	Dosages	30 nmol
	Administration	Intracerebral injection

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
Clinical Trial Information (data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2024-01-11)
NCT05513807	Not yet recruiting	Delayed Graft Function	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris\|Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale France\|Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique France	November 2022	Phase 3
NCT05718310	Recruiting	Migraine\|Migraine Disorders\|Pain	IRCCS National Neurological Institute C. Mondino Foundation\|University of Pavia	November 1 2022	Not Applicable
NCT05969990	Recruiting	Migraine in Children	Qilu Hospital of Shandong University	January 1 2022	--
NCT04342975	Recruiting	AKI	Mayo Clinic\|Elysium Health	December 1 2020	Phase 2

References

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight	167.12	Formula	C₇H₅NO₄
CAS No.	89-00-9	SDF	Download Quinolinic acid SDF
Smiles	C1=CC(=C(N=C1)C(=O)O)C(=O)O
Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years-20°Cpowder	Storage of Stock Solutions Aliquot the stock solutions to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles	1 year-80°Cin solvent
Storage (From the date of receipt)	3 years-20°Cpowder		1 month-20°Cin solvent

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 25 mg/mL ( (149.59 mM)； Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Water : 3 mg/mL

Ethanol : Insoluble

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In vivo
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