Western blot analysis using Prostate Specific Antigen mouse mAb against truncated Prostate Specific Antigen recombinant protein.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate carcinoma tissues, showing cytoplasmic localization using Prostate Specific Antigen mouse mAb with DAB staining.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate tissues using Prostate Specific Antigen mouse mAb with DAB staining.
Flow cytometric analysis of PC-3 cells using Prostate Specific Antigen mouse mAb (right) and negative control (left).
Background
Kallikrein 3, commonly known as prostate specific antigen (PSA), is a serine protease of the human tissue Kallikrein gene family [1]. PSA is synthesized in the ductal and acinar epithelium of the prostate gland and secreted into the seminal plasma in high concentrations (0.5 2 g/L) [2]. A small portion of PSA “leaks” into the systemic circulation, the levels of which increase significantly (30fold) from prostate cancer tissue than normal prostate tissue [3]. PSA has become a well-established tumor marker that aids the diagnosis, staging, and follow up of prostate cancer. The deduced amino acid sequence of human PSA consists of a signal peptide, a short pro region and a mature/active enzyme. The proenzyme is activated, possibly by active Kallikreins 2, 4 or 15 in vivo [4]. rhPSA is activated by thermolysin, a zinc protease. The active PSA cleaves several tyrosyl peptide bonds in semenogelins I and II, which are the major gelforming proteins produced by the seminal vesicles [5]. Several inhibitors including serpin A3/α1antichymotrypsin (ACT) and α2macroglobulin are known to form complexes with PSA.
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